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In this paper, we present the design and implementation of an Inferior-Olivary Nucleus (ION) network on an FPGA device. Compared with existing neuron networks, the proposed design allows to easily customize the network topology and implement existing as well as ad-hoc topologies, in order to explore different levels of connectivities between the cells. Starting from the model of an ION cell, the model...
We report on an optical telemetric link capable of providing a high data rate at a low power consumption for the transcutaneous transmission of neural signals. The telemetric link is designed for operation as the interface between an implanted cortical array and an external receiver. By converting the digitized neural signals to a stream of infrared optical pulses, the optical telemetry wirelessly...
Dry EEG electrodes enhance the convenience and wearability of brain computer interface (BCI) systems, but the noise induced due to the skin electrode interface reduces the signal quality compared to that of wet electrodes. In this work, we analyzed a popular dry electrode design that incorporates several ‘finger’ shaped contacts and show how the noise level can be reduced by estimating the contact...
Spike classification is the last step in spike sorting to reduce the data rate of a brain-machine interface. This paper presents a new decision tree based spike classification method that achieves a classification accuracy comparable to methods based on L1 distance. The design was synthesized for 130nm CMOS with an architecture that interleaves eight channels to optimize the power-area tradeoff. Resource...
The demonstration will show ECG signal acquisition and processing on a dedicated System-on-a-Chip (SoC) [1], and display of the raw and processed data on the screen of a laptop. This SoC has been developed within the European project IcyHeart [2]. The objective of the IcyHeart project was to investigate and demonstrate a highly integrated and power-efficient microelectronic solution for remote monitoring...
Sensory information, such as the tactile or proprioceptive signals, helps motor brain-machine interface (mBMI) work more naturally. Before applying sensory feedback, we need to explore if the neural activities are discriminative to different stimuli during a BMI task. Previous studies on the cortical discrimination are mainly focused on the rat whisker system. In this paper, we design a BMI task,...
A dedicated front-end for biofeedback neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NESM) system is proposed. For controllable dysphagia treatment, the integrated circuit (IC) provides a stimulator front-end with programmable stimulation parameters (2µA–1mA current amplitude, DC-2KHz frequency, and variable duty cycle) and an electromyogram/impedance (EMG/ETI) readout front-end with programmable gain and...
This paper reports on the design, development, and test of a compact battery-powered wireless electrocorticography (ECoG) system. The system benefits from a new design for capacitive links that allows for bidirectional data exchange between the implant unit and the external world. A stainless steel package is designed and machined to contain a rigid 8-channel microelectrode array (MEA), a main electronic...
In this paper, I present a simple class-AB transconductor made from floating-gate MOS (FGMOS) transistors featuring an odd-symmetric expansive nonlinear current-voltage transfer characteristic, a constant transconductance gain, and a rail-to-rail common-mode input-voltage range. I show measured DC transfer characteristics that demonstrate these characteristics over four orders of magnitude in bias...
Advancements in technology can noticeably extend the knowledge of molecular biology for several types of cell cultures. However, at present there is a lack of available systems for real-time monitoring of cell behavior in-vitro. In this paper we propose a sensor for real-time monitoring of glucose and lactate in cell cultures, with the possibility to extend the detection to other metabolites. We explore...
This paper proposes a power harvest circuit design to combine the received power from three orthogonal receiving coils for the wireless capsule endoscopy. The inductive coupling power harvest circuit consists of three orthogonal coils with parallel LC resonant tank, three rectifiers and an output filtering capacitor. The topology of LC resonant tank and rectifier are discussed. The theoretical expression...
This paper proposes a new coil structure for inductive powering to wearable/implantable biomedical devices. This structure is virtually independent from the direction (and alignment) of the receiving coil relative to the transmitting coil. In addition to conducting experimental tests and characterizations, the proposed coil structure (energized by a transmitting coil) has been used to power up a real...
Visual neuroprostheses aim to modulate the activity of surviving neurons of the visual system in an effort to elicit meaningful, psychophysical percepts. These percepts aim to aid a blind recipient in the conduct of day-to-day tasks such as navigation of unfamiliar environments, avoidance of obstacles, etc. The system architecture must balance myriad engineering, safety, and performance requirements...
In this work we present the implantable and wearable measurement system developed for smart knee prostheses monitoring. The kinematic measurement system contains three anisotropic magnetoresistive sensors embedded into the polyethylene part of the prostheses. The kinematic measurement system also has two inertial measurement units to be worn by the subject on the shank and thigh. Each of this inertial...
We have developed an implantable complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) imaging device for green fluorescence imaging to observe various neural activities of the mouse brain in a freely moving state. The device comprises a CMOS image sensor, blue LEDs as excitation light sources, and absorption filters to enable real-time green fluorescence imaging. To observe weak green fluorescence reactions...
One of the key challenges in the optogenetic field is to develop novel optical delivery devices that have the feasibility for implantable neural stimulation. In this paper, a CMOS-Gallium Nitride based optrode is proposed for neural stimulation with optogenetic methodology. The optrode base unit has been designed in a X-Fab 0.35um CMOS process and consists of control and sensing circuitry and six...
This paper presents a novel method for ECG baseline drift removal while preserving the integrity of the ST segment. Baseline estimation is achieved by tracking 3 isoelectric points within the ECG waveform as fiducial markers used in an interpolation filter. These points are determined relative to the QRS complex, which is extracted using a known method (Pan-Tompkins algorithm). The proposed algorithm...
Conditioning and processing of biological signals represent interesting challenges for wearable electronics in health applications. Information gathering from these signals requires complex hardware circuitry and dedicated computation resources. The design of innovative analog front-end integrated circuits, combined with efficient signal processing algorithms, allows the development of platforms for...
Occlusion-effect and acoustic feedback are common complaints of the hearing aid user. The occlusion-effect is described as an annoying quality of the user's own voice that sounds hollow or boomy, while feedback instability results in an unpleasant loud continuous tone. Despite the availability of high performance feedback cancellers, severe to profound losses require large amplification and, as a...
This paper presents an approach to open-loop motor control using Integrate and Fire (IF) neurons. The controller aims at mimicking motor control structures found in the brain and consists of three neuron populations implemented on different VLSI chips. The first population codes the distance to the target in a form of a firing rate (similarly to some class of cells found in Area 4 in the motor mammalian...
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