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Prior oculomotor studies have investigated the various effects of short-term modification on vergence, saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements. Previous vergence studies have concentrated on step modification stimuli. Few have investigated the effects of modification on vergence ramp movements. Thus, this study explores the trends observed within a short-term modification experiment studying smoothly...
The Emotiv™ electroencephalogram (EEG) headset is a non-invasive brain-computer interface with 14 EEG channels that was used to record neural responses to stimuli in 5 male and 5 female participants. The stimuli included instructions (presented in both visual or auditory format successively) of ‘right’ or ‘left.’ Participants raised their right or left arm in response to the instruction given. The...
In the 51 million invasive surgeries performed annually in the United States, electrocauterization devices are utilized to coagulate blood and reduce bleeding. Today the gold standard for these devices passes high radio frequency currents through the body, generating high heat energy to dehydrate and vaporize cells. This technique presents risks of electrocution and severe burns to the patient, as...
Recent advancements in high content fluorescent microscopy have enabled us to capture large amounts of cellular/sub-cellular information in a single snapshot. In this paper, we propose a method to infer temporal information from static high content fluorescent microscopy images. The proposed method is based on low dimensional embedding of the optimal transport manifold and enables simulation of time-lapse...
The ankle joint is critical to upright balance control and gait function, and is a common location for orthopedic or neurological injuries — e.g., every year in the US 628,000 people suffer ankle sprains and 795,000 suffer a stroke. The Virtually-Interfaced Robotic Ankle and Balance Trainer (vi-RABT) is a rehabilitation system designed to help such individuals improve their ankle and balance control...
Vertical shear fracture models represent a new direction for analyzing fracture risk that has been understudied to date. Vertical shear fractures have not been thoroughly analyzed using finite element modeling, thus it is unclear whether these models can accurately predict the location of these fractures. This study showed that patient specific finite element modeling is able to accurately predict...
Limitations on engineering Escherichia coli to accept foreign DNAs require us to build more chasses for synthetic biology. Electroporation is one of most widely used process to introduce foreign DNA into cells. However, electroporation protocols exist for a limited number of species and the existing method to develop electroporation protocols require cells to go through the entire electroporation...
Over 11,000 people sustain spinal cord injury (SCI) each year in the United States [1]. Researchers have examined spinal progenitor cell implantation into the injury area to encourage axonal regeneration and found functional improvement with this treatment [2]. However, transplanted cell viability was low and there was no scaffold for axonal growth within the injured area. By providing a scaffold,...
Thermoresponsive polymer (TRP) substrates as in vitro cell culture platforms have recently gained popularity due to their ability to release cells without biochemical enzymes and while maintaining cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Cells grown on TRPs are released from their culture surface by a change in temperature below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the polymer under aqueous...
Eating detection is a critical component in a wearable dietary monitoring device called eButton under our investigation. Once an eating activity is detected, a camera within the device is activated to take pictures of food automatically which is then processed to measure intakes of calories and nutrients. In this paper, we address the eating detection problem using a proximity sensor within the eButton...
The overall purpose of this project is to develop an unobtrusive device that measures the force of an impact or series of impacts on the head. The device uses accelerometers programmed to read and calculate the force of the impact to help warn athletic coaches and trainers of the danger of head trauma to an athlete. The goal here is to minimize the risk of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) and...
Tissue and organ shortages are demanding issues that force more than 120,000 people in the United States to suffer while waiting for an available replacement donation. Tissue-engineered constructs utilizing polymer scaffolds are being investigated as viable substitutions to resolve this need. Fused deposition of a designed model is a novel 3D-printing fabrication method that can produce these scaffolds...
The bone fixation plate developed by ReconFix5 is a bone-tendon compression device that secures the avulsed supraspinatus tendon-bone fragment to the humeral head. During pull out testing the plate held the tendon-bone complex in place while a tensile force was applied. The test results exceeded the maximum force of 402 N the supraspinatus tendon applies to the humeral head during the healing process.
Sr-HA/Glass composites were produced. Phase composition of composites was evaluated. Their physical and mechanical properties were determined. Sintered composites mainly consisted of Sr-HA/β-TCP, or β-TCP/Ca2ZnSi2O7. The composites had porosity up to 4 times those of undoped Sr-HA. Compared to undoped Sr-HA, the Sr-HA/Glass composites had lower biaxial flexural strength and hardness. The Weibull modulus...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the physical effects of aortic valve stenosis on the human heart, as well as to link the progression of aortic valve stenosis to the homeostatic mechanisms and sensitivity of the heart. Mean systolic pressure gradient (in mmHg) values are used as input into the equation produced aortic valve areas. Higher pressure gradient values produced smaller aortic...
In order to establish a noninvasive cancer therapy with minimal side effects, low cost, and specific in targeting tumor cells. The team engineered novel and biocompatible Upconversion Nanoparticles (UCNPs) with a calcium fluoride shell α-NaYF4:Yb, Er@CaF2 and conjugated with an FDA approved prodrug 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA). In conjunction with photodynamic therapy (PDT), deep tissue penetration...
Automated image analysis algorithms applied to two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) images, can non-invasively discern distinct, depth resolved metabolic and mitochondrial organization patterns in live 3D engineered epithelial tissues upon the onset of cancerous transformation.
Magnet-activated cell sorting (MACS) is a well-developed and widely utilized method of isolating cells of interest in clinical medicine as well as basic biological science. In this technique, antibody-functionalized magnetic microbeads are utilized to bind to certain cell types in a heterogeneous suspension enabling subsequent separation by flow though a magnetic column. Separation can be accomplished...
This paper reports on the study of neutrophil dynamics during chemotaxis using the Microfluidic Quadrupole (MQ). The MQ is used to generate concentration gradients of the chemokine Interleukin-8 atop human neutrophils cultured in petri-dishes. The gradients are generated within the MQ in the gap between the microfluidic probe and the neutrophil-containing dish. We studied travelled distances and migration...
A pyroelectric sensor is presented in this paper which can improve the performance of microscale devices in applications where monitoring of fast temperature variations is necessary, such as in the instance of highly degradable biological substances. The proposed sensor demonstrates better performance compared to its traditional counterparts in terms of responsitivity, power supply, and flexibility...
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