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The power consumption of broadband receivers becomes particularly critical in multi-lane applications such as the 100 Gigabit Ethernet. However, the powerspeed trade-off tends to intensify at higher rates, making it a greater challenge to reach the generally-accepted efficiency of 1mW/Gb/s. Prominent among the power-hungry receiver building blocks are the clock-and-data-recovery circuit, the deserializer,...
Scientific knowledge is the basis for new technology, but in return, new technology enables progress in science. One example has been the introduction of semiconductor imagers in astronomy. Telescopes now can go into space, taking stunning pictures and opening up new wavelength windows. Another example will be described in this paper. In the field of elementary particle physics, the experiments at...
With the dramatically increasing use of mobile and portable devices, the need for computation has intensified, motivating the transformation of traditional static services (Web and storage) to evolve toward distributed Web services, forming Cloud 1.0; in this process, the evolution into the Smart Device Era involved many changes: stationary computing devices are going mobile, standalone devices are...
Technology scaling has decreased the cost of computing to the point where it can be included in almost anything. As a result, we now live in a world surrounded by computing devices. They power our searches on Google, connect to our friends on Facebook, answer our questions to Siri, and serve us our entertainment on Youtube; they are in our homes everywhere, in all our appliances (I recently had to...
Recent research indicates that data-link transceivers running at or below 40Gb/s are practical to implement in CMOS technology [1]. However, next-generation datacom and telecom systems require transceivers to operate at even higher data rates. For example, a 400Gb/s Ethernet system may need 8×50Gb/s PAM2 (NRZ) or PAM4 channels [2]. This paper introduces fully integrated solutions for NRZ and PAM4...
Low-power transceivers for short-range wireless communication are emerging in a wide range of frequencies and bandwidths. This session starts with a full SOC for near-field communication (NFC). It then covers two low-power ultrawideband radios. After that, five radios for ISM band operation at 433MHz, 900MHz and 2.4GHz are presented, each demonstrating different architecture and circuit choices to...
As compute power is increasingly migrated to large data centers and the cloud, microprocessors face progressively more stringent design constraints. This year's processor session introduces 5 new processors providing increased performance and power efficiency. In addition to growing core counts, cache size, and thread count, the historical theme of integration continues as voltage regulators are now...
Imagine using the same device for fashion/style and for monitoring your wellness? What about a tattoo of your child's name that also tracks your fitness and activity level. Can we make contact lenses that can change the color of your eyes but also see the calorie content of your lunch box?
An FPGA employing c-axis aligned crystal In-Ga-Zn oxide (CAAC-IGZO) FET [1] based configuration memories (CMs) is known to need no reconfiguration thanks to nonvolatile CMs, shows high operation speed due to boosting effect of pass gates used in routing switches (RS) [2], and easily realizes fine-grained multi-context (FG-MC) architecture [2] because CMs which need very low power to keep the contents...
Digitally assisted analog and analog-assisted digital techniques are increasingly needed in future circuit and system designs, as FinFET and FD-SOI replace planar CMOS technology at the advanced process nodes of 20nm and beyond. The intrinsic features of these new devices are lowering the barrier between the analog and the digital worlds, allowing unprecedented performance to be achieved by assisting...
Direct processing of raw high-dimensional data such as images and video by machine learning systems is impractical both due to prohibitive power consumption and the “curse of dimensionality,” which makes learning tasks exponentially more difficult as dimension increases. Deep machine learning (DML) mimics the hierarchical presentation of information in the human brain to achieve robust automated feature...
Semiconductor systems connected through wireless and wired networks are the mainstream approach in the semiconductor market to achieve technical innovations and business advantages. Systems are defined differently according to the application area, implementation technology and also the individual engineer's background. This presents challenges to circuit designers and circuit-design educators.
For powering devices from ambient energy sources, innovative CMOS circuit techniques are devised to facilitate highly efficient energy harvesting. Depending on the applications, the loads can range widely from nW to mW and the required output voltages vary from sub-1V to tens of volts. The energy sources can be electrochemical gradient inside an ear, thermoelectric generators, piezoelectric transducers,...
Advanced biomedical systems-on-chip combined with miniaturized sensors and actuators offer new developments in the field of mobile, low-cost healthcare applications. Implants and lightweight systems that bring a high level of comfort to the patient truly enable early diagnosis, personal point-of-care and therapy outside of a traditional clinical setting. Overall, this brings a higher quality-of-life...
Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes in modern wireless communications are rate- and throughput-scalable, and despite their complexity, decoding them requires low power consumption. The IEEE 802.11ad standard for Gb/s wireless LANs in the 60GHz band requires an implementation of an LDPC encoder/decoder with throughputs of 1.5, 3, and 6Gb/s, with code rates of 1/2, 5/8, 3/4 and 13/16 [1]. Previous...
Recent advances in microwave and mm-Wave applications targeting existing and upcoming safety, radar and communication systems will be presented. Speakers from university and major industry companies will highlight both system aspects as well as implementation aspects, including packaging and high-volume production testing. Topics include car-to-car / car-to-x communications, FMCW and pulse radar,...
Ultrasound imaging is widely used for medical diagnosis, because it is harmless to the human body and has real-time processing capability. Usually the focusing (beamforming) operation is performed for both TX and RX. The RX focusing is performed by an RX beamformer [1-5], which consists of delay elements and adders. Nowadays, digital beamformers (DBF) are mostly used for conventional ultrasound imaging...
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