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Experimental results on the influence of electrodes on electrical breakdown along exploding W and Al wires in vacuum are presented. It is shown that insulation of any electrode (anode or cathode) leads to a significant increase in both the breakdown delay time and the energy deposited into the wire. The obtained experimental data are compared with the results of the experiments on electrical wire...
Experimental results on the influence of a radial electrical field on the electrical breakdown along exploding W wires in vacuum are presented. To create a radial electrical field a wire was set inside of a metal tubule fixed on one of the electrodes. It is shown that a wire explosion inside of the tubule (when the tubule has a negative polarity relative to the wire) allowed us to significantly increase...
In this work, experiments have been performed on the MIG generator with a water transforming line on exit (the impedance 0.65–0.34 Ω, the peak pulse power 1.5 TW) to explore the possibilities of producing multimegabar pressures by electrodynamic implosion of condensed cylinders. The generator produces a current of 3–3.5 MA with a risetime of ∼70 ns at an inductive load L∼15 nH. Preliminary experiments...
The backlighting method on the base of X-pinch is developed last years for radiography of current driven wire array implosion. The simple and nested arrays were investigated on installation ≪Angara-5-1≫. The experimental geometries and outcomes received at probing current — driven multiwire liners at the Angara-5-1 facility are presented below.
The implosion of liners is widely investigated now. It is very important to measure an impedance of Z-pinch. It could be calculated on the base of measured voltage and current. In the given paper on the basis of the analysis of electrotechnical parameters (current, voltage, inductance) is carried out research of process of current compression of the wire arrays and are determined a time dependence...
In this paper the parameters of the plasma of the high power electric discharge at the atmospheric pressure are presented. The discharge is characterized by total electric charge ≈100 C, by the average current 300 A and by the total duration of the discharge a few hundreds ms. Before the breakdown the electrodes with distance of 40 cm were connected with the wire of 300 µm diameter. For diagnostics...
An explosion thin wires (10–50 µm) by the nanosecond current pulse with the growth rate of 1010–1011 A·s−1 in a gaseous and condensed media have been studied. Electrical parameters of the discharge have been measured. Images of the exploded wires using laser probing and X-ray radiography in 15–30 keV energy band were recorded. Energy deposited into the wires at the resistance stage of heating in the...
Copper wire vacuum explosion in longitudinal magnetic field with the amplitude up to 50 T studied. The measurements using laser interferometer have shown that at the explosion process the regions owning substantiaIIy different electron concentrations are formed. The dense plasma region with the shape close to spherical is formed near the wire anode. The wire kernel remains practically non-expanding...
In the physics of the wire array implosion the amount of the substance left on the periphery of the initial wire array at the moment of final liner implosion is an essential factor. Estimates show that plasma with a small mass fraction (a few percent of the initial wire array mass) may shunt an appreciable current fraction which can result in changing output characteristics of implosion. The given...
The model has been developed for calculation of electric conduction of normal metals and plasma, as the density and temperature vary in wide ranges characteristic for an electric explosion of conductors (ECE). Electric conduction of aluminum has been calculated. Comparison of the calculation and experimental results showed that the model is sufficiently adequate during evolution of the physical states...
X-pinch radiation produced by electron beams accelerated in the X-pinch mini diode has been studied and used to image a variety of different objects. The experiments have been carried out using the XP pulser (470 kA, 100 ns) at Cornell University and the BIN pulser (280 kA, 120 ns) at the P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute. This electron-beam-generated X-ray source's geometric, temporal and spectral...
The regime of excitation of subnanosecond high-power microwave pulses has been studied in a relativistic Ka-band BWO, using an electron beam from a compact, pulsed high-current electron accelerator (290 keV, 2.3 kA, 1 ns). We determined the conditions when the power conversion factor can reach up to 1.5 at an output pulse power of 1.2 GW and a pulse width of 200 ps
At present, high-current relativistic electron beam accelerators are rather bulky devices. Basically, this is determined by the relatively low energy stored per unit mass of capacitors — the main storage in overwhelming majority of accelerator designs. Magnetic cumulative generator (MCG) as energy source together with high-voltage pulse generator on the basis of inductive storage (IS) and electro-explosive...
Pulse-periodic accelerator of electrons with completely solid system of energy commutation and frequency of pulse sequence from 1 to 100 Hz was developed. The section of evacuated electron beam is 50×10 cM2 (in anode plane). Maximum amplitude of voltage pulse on accelerating tube is Umax=750 kV, density and duration of pulse of current of evacuated beam are jē=1A/cm2 (at S=500 cm2) and τē=57 ns,...
A lower prepulse high power density water dielectric self-break switch has been investigated recently. The switch contains two or four gaps, a prepulse shield and supporting hardware. The configuration and equivalent circuit model of it are introduced while part parameter calculations are provided in this paper. All gaps of the switch are charged approximately linearly from 0 to 1 MV in 80 ns. The...
In the RAPID-M accelerator the plasma opening switch (POS) is used for shaping a high-voltage pulse. For passing the current of amplitude up to 370 кA through the POS within conduction time of up to 0.75 µs the surface plasma source is harnessed. The main purpose of investigations is to study characteristics of the POS and accelerator diode: POS current and conduction time, voltage on the diode, length...
There is described a method of theoretical analysis of wave processes in high-voltage pulse generators through the relations between integral values reflecting regularities of energy transfer in ideal transmission lines. The use of the developed method considerably simplifies the procedure of searching for optimal — from the point of view of getting maximal efficiency — relation of impedances for...
Tunneling-assisted impact ionization fronts in semiconductors recently investigated theoretically by Rodin et al [1] are expected to be much faster and generate higher plasma concentrations in comparison with the traditional impact ionization. We have conducted experiments and numerical simulations of this new switching process. The overvoltage across tested tunneling-assisted delayed breakdown device...
Results of research of z-discharges in a ceramic tube with aspect ratio of 5.5∶50 mm and running inductance of 1.4 nH/cm are informed. In modelling experiments power supply of discharges was carried out from DFL through single transmitting cable with length of 10m at pulse duration of ∼ 100 ns. For pre-ionization of gas (Ar, p=0.001–1000 Torr) a running wave of sliding discharge was used. It is shown,...
The paper summarizes the recent experiments on the injection and transport across applied B-field of an intense, wide cross-section (∼10 cm) H+ plasma (PB) and ion (IB) beam of 60 to 120 eV and 60 to 120 keV energy, respectively, in vacuum and ambient magnetized H+ plasma of temperature Ti∼5 eV and density of 1012−1013 cm−3. With current densities of 10–30 A/cm2, the PB and IB propagated were undeflected...
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