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Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) attract much attention as next generation energy sources. To prolong durability of PEMFCs, which is one of the present challenges, we have developed a fuel cell-electrical double layer capacitor hybrid power source system to maintain the fuel cell current to a constant value, and investigated dynamic response with investigating relationship between...
A bi-directional buck-boost DC-DC converter is presented for vehicle charging as well as vehicle to grid (V2G) energy transfer. The chosen cascaded buck-boost topology allows overlapping input and output voltage ranges and a higher intermediate DC bus voltage where the electric drivetrain traction inverter can be connected. The intermediate DC-link capacitor voltage is varied to improve the transient...
It is believed that the latest advances in battery and converter technology, along with government mandates on energy independence and resilience, will pave the way for higher deployment of electric vehicles in the transportation fleet. These vehicles, when equipped with bidirectional energy transfer capabilities, can function as mobile energy resources and be utilized in a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) scheme...
Interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) is the most popular traction electric motors for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). In general, rare earth permanent magnets are used in the IPMSMs. However, the price of the rare earth materials has been rapidly rising in recent years. This is recognized as a serious problem for the automobile industry. A switched reluctance motor (SRM) is one of...
The IPSP(Inductive Power Supply and Pickup) system for the On-Line Electric Bus that can pickup inductive power from underground coils with high power efficiency has been developed recently and is now proposed in this paper. The presented IPSP system consists of four parts, that is, power inverter, road embedded rail, pickup module and a regulator. From the experiment of the proposed system, we obtained...
Several researches on fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle (FCHEV) have been conducted in order to reduce greenhouse effect gas. One of the electric powertrain of fuel cell electric vehicle consists of fuel cell, rechargeable energy storage device, boost chopper and bidirectional chopper. The smaller size of the power converter on fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle is expected. Thus, interleaved configuration...
Electric vehicles (EVs) have the potential to provide valuable services to the utility grid through vehicle-to-grid (V2G). In order to take full advantage of V2G services aggregators are required to schedule and dispatch large groups of EVs in accordance to market rules. While there has been many studies looking at aggregator scheduling algorithms, there has been little work on algorithms for the...
The growing need for accurate simulation of advanced lithium cells for powertrain electrification demands fast and accurate modeling schemes. Additionally, battery models must account for thermal effects because of the paramount importance of temperature in kinetic and transport phenomena of electrochemical systems. This paper presents an effective method for developing a multi-temperature lithium...
Electric Vehicles (EV) are promoted world-wide as an effective approach to address gasoline consumption and transportation emission problems. In China, state-owned electric power companies are taking the lead in Electric Vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure area, in which the EV charging facility network construction is a key topic. This paper introduces a quantitative EV charging facility planning...
A typical wireless Electric Vehicle (EV) charging system consists of a transmitting coil at the charging station and a receiving coil in the vehicle. In order to achieve a good separation between the coils, magnetic resonance coupling instead of conventional inductive coupling is used in these systems. The frequency characteristics of the wireless power transfer efficiency for different offsets between...
In this paper, a supervisory control of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) using hybrid dynamical systems theory is presented. In hybrid dynamical systems, the state trajectories are described by both differential equations and discrete transitions. A PHEV has different operating modes which are modelled in the hybrid dynamical systems framework, simulated and analyzed. Furthermore, a constrained...
This paper presents an overall approach to creating security and trust architecture for networked automotive vehicles and outlines basic principles for mitigating certain risks facing this new paradigm.
Wireless power transfer has been a popular topic of recent research. Most research has been done to address the limitations of coil-to-coil efficiency. However, little has been done to address the problem associated with the low input power factor with which the systems operate. This paper details the steps taken to analyze a wireless power transfer system from the view of the power grid under a variety...
Over-discharge is one of the most common electrical abuses a Li-ion battery suffers. This paper presents preliminary results for the failure signatures of over-discharged Li-ion batteries, and proposes a rule-based method and a probabilistic method for failure detection. The two methods are verified using experimental results for a Li-ion battery. The proposed methods were successfully implemented...
Economic Model Predictive Control (MPC) is very well suited for controlling smart energy systems since electricity price and demand forecasts are easily integrated in the controller. Electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to play a large role in the future Smart Grid. They are expected to provide grid services, both for peak reduction and for ancillary services, by absorbing short term variations in...
This work investigates the electric characteristics of a carbon-coated LiFePO4 cell with emphasis on their specific open-circuit voltage (OCV) characteristics, which include very flat OCV curves over the state-of-charge (SOC) and pronounced hysteresis phenomena. Examining discharging/ charging OCV measurement data of a LiFePO4/C cell elucidates these phenomena. A simple equivalent circuit model is...
With the advent of electric mobility, new challenges arise for car makers, utility companies, car sharing ventures, and policy makers in planning, deployment, and management of electric vehicle infrastructures. To this end, efficient systems for the large scale acquisition, management, and analysis of mobility and consumption data become an enabling factor. We present a framework for collecting heterogeneous...
Unregulated PEV (Plug-in Electric Vehicle) charging will have a great impact on current power grid system, especially on the distribution transformer system. This paper studies the PEV charging control problem considering the residential distribution transformer life based utilizing a base load prediction algorithm. The objective of the control algorithm is to minimize the transformer loss of life...
The growing concern about CO2 emissions and dependency on foreign oil contributes to the increasing application of electrified vehicles (EVs). In this paper, the potentials for EVs to penetrate the transportation market are studied and the additional load demand when EV penetration achieves its full potential is estimated. Large-scale scale application of EVs has negative impacts on the components...
The reliability Studies are done in order to determine the probability of functioning or availability of different engineering systems. These studies can also provide a basis for comparing different structures of a system and can be used as a tool to improve the system design. Also, reliability is an important consideration in the planning, design and operation of transit system. Since the issue of...
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