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NASA knows that cultivating relationships and cross-pollinating ideas can improve operational efficiency, reduce duplicate efforts, and drive more effective communication of its capabilities, all of which enable innovation. The NASA Headquarters (HQ) Information Technology and Communications Division (ITCD) partnered with Booz Allen to develop an Innovation Ecosystem leveraging a scalable and sustainable...
Crowdsourcing is the art of constructively organizing crowds of people to work toward a common objective. Collaborative competition is a specific kind of crowdsourcing that can be used for problems that require a collaborative or cooperative effort to be successful, but also use competition as a motivator for participation or performance. The DARPA InSPIRE program is using crowdsourcing to develop...
Progress in the information technology field is creating compelling alternatives to direct human exploration of distant planetary surfaces. One such alternative is immersive telepresence where the human explorer is Earthbound but able to remotely interact with a distant environment. Exploration goals for science, operational development and public engagement each have unique requirements on immersive...
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has recently begun an effort to further refine its Fractionated Spacecraft vision. This vision (called the "F6" program) seeks to explore distributed spacecraft architectures capable of performing complex functions similar to current monolithic spacecrafts. However, the ability of fractionated systems to work separately would provide...
Cognitive bias is generally recognized as playing a significant role in virtually all domains of human decision making. Insight in to this role is informally built in to many of the system engineering practices employed in the aero space industry. The review process, for example, typically has features that help to counteract the effect of bias. This paper presents a discussion of how commonly recognized...
Often in computer-based simulations, sensor models are used to generate realistic data to stimulate an algorithm under test. These algorithms might include, but are not limited to, guidance, navigation, control, tracking, and mission management algorithms. This paper builds on the authors' previous research to apply a systematic approach for comparing two separately developed models of the same sensor...
There have been many advancements and accomplishments over the last few years using human modeling for human factors engineering analysis for design of spacecraft. The key methods used for this are motion capture and computer generated human models. The focus of this paper is to explain the human modeling currently used at Kennedy Space Center (KSC), and to explain the future plans for human modeling...
This paper gives a general description of a full 520-day Mars mission simulation (Mars-500) with an international crew of three Russians, one Chinese and two Europeans (French and Italian) from the European Space Agency (ESA) and implemented in a space simulation facility at the Institute for Biomedical Problems (IBMP) in Moscow between 3 June 2010 and 4 November 2011. It provides an overview of the...
Complex aerospace systems, typically government national security missions, have been plagued with long development cycles and unintended growths in cost and schedule. Over the years, the commercial aerospace community has approached short 24 month development cycles for communications satellites in geosynchronous orbit. This paper addresses how the commercial satellite communications (SATCOM) community...
This paper presents a new sensing application to diagnose power semiconductor aging in power drive systems. It has been shown previously that device parasitic characteristics change during the aging process which results in detectable changes in their frequency response. This change is manifested in the current signal at very high frequencies. Therefore, using a wideband AC current sensor, high frequency...
This paper describes the NASA Ground and Launch Systems Processing (GLSP) Technology Area Roadmap, one of an integrated set of 14 roadmaps developed under the NASA Office of the Chief Technologist to foster the development of advanced technologies and concepts that address NASA's needs and contribute to other aerospace and national needs. T h e GLSP Roadmap was developed to identify ground, launch...
The Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) is a scientific endeavor to extend the longest continuous multi-spectral imaging record of Earth's land surface. The observatory consists of a spacecraft bus integrated with two imaging instruments; the Operational Land Imager (OLI), built by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corporation in Boulder, Colorado, and the Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS), an in-house...
This paper presents a new on-line methodology for detecting intermittent disconnection failures. The detection principle operates on the fundamental Lorentz Law that states that sudden changes in flux create a large voltage, resulting in an arc. This arc propagates as a traveling wave through the circuit until all the energy associated with it is dissipated. It is possible to detect that traveling...
This paper provides an overview of the event-driven architecture that will be used onboard the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to carry out the series of exposures, maneuvers, and engineering activities that were selected beforehand by the JWST planning and scheduling subsystem. Each week during one of the ground communication intervals one observation plan segment that contains an ordered list...
Surface fatigue failure occurs in geared transmission systems due to factors such as high contact stress, and monitoring its progression is vital if the eventual failure of the tooth flank is to be prevented. Techniques involving the analysis of vibration, acoustic emission and oil debris have been used to successfully monitor the progression of the different phases of gear surface fatigue failure...
Viewed under most circumstances, linear and continuous time information is needed to characterize data and perform data analysis. When time information is non-sequential, non-linear, or outright missing from a dataset, one has a difficult time recreating the original experiment's conditions necessary to analyze and interpret science or engineering data. The reasons for time discontinuities in stored...
For the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX), a mission with one Earth-orbiting spacecraft with its spin axis pointing toward the Sun, an orbit change became necessary for the longevity of the mission. IBEX detects energetic particles that reveal global properties of the interstellar boundaries that separate our heliosphere from the local interstellar medium. The IBEX orbit is highly elliptical,...
This paper summarizes the results from the multi-year research program completed at U.C. Berkeley, Space Sciences Laboratory, Center for Extreme Ultra Violet Astrophysics (CEA) in collaboration with engineering personnel from the Advanced Analysis Department at Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company. The research used the NASA EUVE satellite subsystem and payload equipment analog telemetry from the...
Ongoing and planned smallsat programs within NASA, the DoD, and academia have indicated a need to be able to routinely and efficiently operate multiple small spacecraft in support of science and technology missions. However, as the number of these missions is expected to grow rapidly, the associated costs to develop and operate unique ground control stations, tools, and networks may become prohibitive...
Open source software has become an alternative to commercial software for industrial users. Industrial users adopting to OSS and the underlying concepts need to consider changing their software development practices and organization in order to benefit from the OSS model. These changes may involve both technical and non-technical aspects. Openness and collaboration with a community are two non-technical...
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