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This paper provides a historical perspective of the Research activities carried out in Telecommunications in the US and Europe. It describes the three phases that embody innovation in Telecom and explains the “triangular models” of the Bell System and ITT that enabled the funding of huge RDE expenses. The output of these efforts is reviewed in terms of products and the prestige attained by Corporations...
The Compañía Telefónica Nacional de España (CTNE, `Telefónica' in colloquial speech then) was incorporated in 1924. It was a strategic move of New York-based holding ITT. In contrast with a landscape of State-owned networks across Europe, Telefónica was the subsidiary of an American corporation, with internal organization, procedures and ideas that revealed that origin. We study the influence...
At the end of World War II, the BBC had one of the most comprehensive radio monitoring centers in the world. The key to this success was the rapid and outstanding development of the engineering facilities for monitoring signals - this included an antenna farm and specially designed amplifiers, receivers, recorders and transcribers.
This poster presents handmade equipments of Turkiye's first TV channel Istanbul Technical University TV. ITU TV was founded in 1958. Many of the equipments were designed by students as graduation projects and instructors. RF and sound mixers, power amplifiers, antenna, equalizer, comparator, oscillators, coder and power supply are the most important ones. These devices used for years in ITU TV, ITU...
This article examines the first Soviet initiative to develop a national computer network as the basis for an automated information system for the management of the national economy. This initiative was made by prominent Soviet scientist Engineer Colonel Anatoly Ivanovich Kitov whose 90th anniversary is celebrated in 2010. The article attempts to view the history of Soviet computer networks as part...
This paper explores the relationship of the telegraph, the first means of long-distance communication, with the development of 19th century American society. Among the numerous effects of the telegraph, three will be treated more deeply in this paper: the simultaneous development of railway service along with the telegraph, the change in the scope and speed of the diffusion of news across the country...
Intensive development of electrotechnics in Croatia began in the second half of the 19th century. Just in that time, in a small Croatian town of Križevci, the future “monster of the mind” was born on February 12, 1894. He was the noble Marcel Kiepach of Haselburg, who became known for his patents of the gyro compass, the dynamo for illumination and the electric drives for remote compass indication...
The global perspective about the term “information” is indeed a reflection of the strength of any nation, in order words, “information is power”. Information is the key that transforms to knowledge. The amount of information received, stored, processed, retrieved and disseminated can bring about positive changes in the development of any nation. The employment of Information and Communication Technology...
The jump can be better described by its consequences. All these years we've been used to receive information from media like radio, TV or newspapers. Currently all the people have the opportunity to send information to everyone, everywhere. This fact is changing our social habits and will cause all topics involved in information processes be reconsidered. This article analyzes the reasons for the...
There were VLF (Very Low Frequency, 10kHz-20KHz) Radio Stations used in Direct Communications between Continents which employed Poulsen Arc or Alexanderson Alternator at the beginning of 20th Century in the world. Through the study of VLF Radio Stations in the world, it is said that there were three Alternator remains, in the world. One is the GRIMETON Sweden as the working station, next is KARIYA...
From their beginning, the Satellites have played a fundamental role all over the world for the scientific, technological, economic and social development, in particular the communications systems have constituted an essential part of the Space Supersystem, for the support of platform telemetry, telecommand and ranging facilities, as for the big variety of applications, which are onboarded, for many...
The first use of tests of communications technologies applied to medicine is almost as old as the invention of the telephone. Within a very short time, the telephone was shown as an essential element to ask or exchange information of medical content between health professionals. The spectacular development of broadcasting in the first quarter of the 20th century brought about the interest to apply...
The appearance of radio communications supposed a revolution in the commercial field and also in the military field. Problems for information coordination and distribution disappeared due to the great simplicity of the wireless telegraphy. Moreover it was possible to avoid rigid and costly infrastructures that limited, in many cases, the correct use of communications. However the flexibility and the...
The marathon event, in which the Greek soldier Pheidippides run 42.195 kilometers (26 miles and 385 yards), to announce to the people of Athens the victory of its army at the Battle of Marathon, shows how important the transfer of information is to History. Throughout modern-time history, radio has been the conveyor of important information at critical moments. As mentioned by Boyd “It was an intriguing...
In June 1930 Galvin Manufacturing Corporation introduced the Motorola radio, one of the first commercially successful car radios. Company founder Paul V. Galvin created the brand name Motorola for the car radio - linking “motor” (for motorcar) with “ola” (which implied sound). Thus the Motorola brand meant sound in motion. This radio was intended for the general public, but soon police departments...
The given article describes the contribution of Russian scientists to development of electrical and radio communication during the period since the second half of the 19th century till the first half of 20th century, i.e. approximately more than one hundred years. Development of wire communication means is connected with the names of famous Russian scientists Pavel Shilling and Boris Jakobi (telegraph)...
This work described on the one hand the birth of “Radio Zamora”: the first transmitter in the province of Zamora as a result of an intensive sales campaign of radio receivers of the “Philips” company carried out in the missing “Bazar J” by Mr. Jacinto González. And its closing due to the emissions without license by the Sociedad General de Autores (General Society of Authors), executed by the Ministerio...
This paper presents a brief chronology of the origin and developments of wireless (or radio) communications, according to the following pattern: it gives credit to some of the scientists who performed the initial observations and the understanding of electric and magnetic phenomena; it mentions the experiments and inventions carried out towards the evolution of scientific and engineering models; and...
The Brazilian television system was inaugurated in 1950 and now is facing its main transformation. In the last half century, it suffered a few modifications in the transmission system. In November 2003, the project for the development of the Brazilian Digital Television System (SBTVD), which has come to be known later as International System for Digital Television (ISDB-Tb), was officially launched...
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