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The paper compares three different methods of inclusion of current phasor measurements by phasor measurement units (PMUs) in the conventional power system state estimator. For each of the three methods, comprehensive formulation of the hybrid state estimator in the presence of conventional and PMU measurements is presented. The performance of the state estimator in the presence of conventional measurements...
This paper proposes a multi-feature extraction algorithm aiming to recognize disturbances by analyzing synchrophasor data from wide-area monitoring systems. The novel algorithm utilizes wavelet transform (WT) to extract preliminary features from synchrophasors. Two types of features are created by organizing scaling coefficients and wavelet coefficients from WT. The multi-features are compressed by...
This paper describes a novel technique to eliminate the effect of decaying direct current (DC) component on DFT based phasor estimation. This technique is based on estimating the phasor of a sinusoidal wave corrupted by a DC component at an instant of time. Another phasor is estimated after half cycle from the instant of estimating the first one. The two phasors are added and a mathematical expression...
With growing applications for protection, control, monitoring and measurement systems for power system applications, the necessity for very reliable and accurate frequency and phase angle measurement of the power system voltage is also growing. This paper describes a linear phase locked loop for three phase systems for precise measurement of the frequency and phase angle of the line voltage. However,...
This paper describes research in progress for a panel session presentation on how phasor measurement unit (PMU) values can be used to improve power system operations beyond their use in state estimation.
Synchronized measurements became recently an affordable tool ready to be implemented not only at transmission system level but also at distribution level, mostly in conjunction with the applicability of the smart grid approach. As a preliminary step of introducing PMUs on a larger scale, extensive measurements campaigns, primarily dedicated to power quality purposes, were conducted within medium and...
In this paper we report on the preliminary results of a collaborative investigation effort between researchers in North America and Europe aiming to baseline the electromechanical modes and mode shapes of the Nordic system from synchronized phasor measurement data. We provide an overview on the Danish power grid and its interconnections, and describe the features of an experimental phasor measurement...
The instrument transformer is the necessary equipment which connects the primary power system and PMU. Therefore, the measurement accuracy of PMU is directly affected by the transfer accuracy and the transient response of instrument transformer. In this paper, the dynamic signal models are abstracted from the phenomena of practical power systems. Under such kinds of dynamic signal models, the impact...
In this paper, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based method is developed for quickly estimating the long-term voltage stability margin. The investigation presented in the paper showed that node voltage magnitudes and the phase angles are the best predictors of voltage stability margin. Further, the paper shows that the proposed ANN based method can successfully estimate the voltage stability margin...
We show how to combine together voltage angle phasor measurements at several buses to measure the angle stress across an area of the power system that is called a cutset area. The angle across the cutset area is a weighted average of the angles measured at buses at the borders of the cutset area. The angle across the cutset area is based on circuit theory and it responds to power flow through the...
In this paper, data acquired by synchronized phasor measurement systems are used for the system wide validation of models and data of the Brazilian Interconnected Power System (BIPS). Data acquired by two prototypes, the LVPMS, with PMUs (Phasor Measurement Units) installed in nine universities throughout Brazil and the HVPMS, with PMUs installed at four substations in a transmission utility, were...
This paper describes a new approach that led to the development of a fully distributed state estimator, named the SuperCalibrator (SC). The SC is a three-phase state estimator that operates at the substation level and requires at least one PMU at each substation. The computed substation state estimate is transferred to the control center where the overall system state is synthesized from the substation...
Nowadays, most substations are equipped with Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) performing data collection. With the advancement of measurement techniques and growing availability of information captured by newly emerged IEDs such as Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs), it is imperative to integrate the various data sources with traditional Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)/Energy Management...
It is critically important for improving the wide area situation awareness of the operators or operational engineers and regional reliability coordinators of a large interconnected systems to prevent large scale cascading system outages. This paper describes an advanced wide-area power system visualization application (WAPSVA) for the real-time reliability monitoring using real-time synchrophasor...
The state-transition matrix of the κ-th order Taylor approximation to the dynamic phasor and its first derivatives leads to a plurality of state-space representations to approach the bandpass signal model of a power oscillation. With these truncated signal models, the Kalman filter algorithm can be applied to their state vectors in order to find observers able to estimate the dynamic phasor and its...
The high rate of data samples reported by devices that support PMU functionality forces the use of non-traditional methods in order to attempt realtime anomaly detection. Two methods discussed are offline machine learning and a realtime sliding window procedure. In using machine learning techniques it is possible to assert a classifier algorithm, which to a certain degree of accuracy can flag incoming...
In this paper we address the problem of placing Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) on a long transmission line connecting two areas of a power system network. Dynamic measurements of electrical signals such as magnitudes and phases of bus voltages and line currents, corrupted with Gaussian noise, are available from these PMUs. Our objective is to determine the best locations for their placement such...
This paper illustrates a new technique that identifies coherent clusters of synchronous generators in multi-machine power systems. The technique can be easily implemented in a wide-area measurement system. The importance of fast identification of coherent groups of generators based on wide-area signal measurements lies in its contribution to the design of wide-area based stability control schemes...
This paper is motivated by the need to automate adjustments of deviations in key output variables from their scheduled values. In particular, it is important to maintain load voltages within their pre-specified limits in response to many disturbances, for example load power factor deviations. Similarly, it is important to regulate real power line flows to within their pre-specified limits as disturbances...
Synchronized measurements technology plays a vital role in the deployment of the Smart Grid at transmission level by revolutionizing the way power systems are operated and controlled. Utilizing very precise time reference enabled by the GPS system allows for measurement synchronization and ultimately optimizes the management of power network behavior and performance. This paper presents SRP experience...
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