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The brake efficiency of a throttled internal combustion engine is reduced at low load operation because of the engine work required to drop the intake manifold pressure. These throttling losses are experienced by all throttled engines operating at less than wide open throttle (WOT). By replacing the throttle plate with a suitable air motor, work can be recovered in an expansion process that reduces...
Phase 1 of Tuanku Jaafar Power Station, Port Dickson (PD1) is one of the newest power plants in Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB). This combined cycle plant with the nominal capacity of 750 MW started its commercial operation in 2005. However, in less than 2 years of its operation, the plant has indicated significant capacity degradation. Consequently, TNB carried few investigations to determine the cause...
This paper presents an experimental method for evaluating the effusivity values of different scratched temperature sensors. These sensors have a response time on the order of microseconds (50 ??s) with a rise time less than (0.3 ??s). Two types of scratch were used, mainly abrasive papers with different grit sizes and scalpel blades with different thicknesses to form the sensor junction. The effect...
An evaluation of the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) sub-models for in-cylinder diesel engine combustion and emission simulations was conducted using an integrated numerical model from commercial CFD software FLUENT 6.3.26. As these simulations are sensitive to user-defined empirical parameters, the main aim of this investigation is to obtain an adjusted set of model parameters in order to achieve...
Water treeing is a phenomenon whereby the polymeric cable suffers serious degradation under combined stresses of electrical, thermal and chemical, thus shortening the lifespan of the cable. A high electrical field stress present at the tip of a water tree structure would degrade the surrounding healthy polymeric insulation, leading to electrical treeing and subsequent breakdown of the water tree affected...
In this paper, High-Temperature Air Combustion (HiTAC) method utilizing coal as fuel is studied numerically using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). A case study was performed using the CFD code FLUENT 6.2 to investigate the effects of utilizing high temperature air combustion on a real 700MW coal-powered boiler operating on a tangential firing mechanism. The results obtained were consistent with...
Combustion characteristics in large scale boilers are influenced by a number of factors such as coal properties and burner operating conditions. Burner firing angle for example, will affect the fireball size and locations of heat release which affect the formation of ash slagging in a tangentially fired furnace. In this study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of coal combustion in a...
There are currently numerous studies on utility boilers using various in-house and commercial CFD codes. Most of the existing simulations are aimed at the flow and combustion properties inside the furnace and therefore, it usually terminates at furnace exit just downstream the re-heater section before the crossover path. On top of that, the majority of these works were based on coal-fired boiler furnace,...
ISO 14001 environmental management system assists organizations in creation of structured mechanisms for continuous improvement in environmental performance, while the OHSAS 18001 occupational health and safety management system helps organizations in industrial operations that involve various occupational risks. ISO14001 shares many common traits with OHSAS 18001 and this has paved the road for the...
The production of electronic products is one of the world's fasting growing industries today. Due to this phenomena, the amount of electronic waste generated increases proportionately with the production. The growing numbers of uses of plastic products in this sector contribute to electronic plastic waste generated. From the management of solid waste aspect, the production of electronic plastic waste...
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is becoming an important aspect in the design and analysis of engineering equipment. CFD allows engineers to reduce losses related to fluid flows and hence increase the performance. The first part of CFD simulation is building suitable mesh for the geometry to be analyzed. Tetrahedral mesh is widely used in meshing complex domain due to its flexibility...
Developing a first principle nonlinear model for a thermal system that is already in operation is a very difficult task attributed to missing design parameters. This paper considers nonlinear modeling of subunits of a Cogeneration and Cooling Plant (CCP)-Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG), Steam Header (SH) and Steam Absorption Chiller (SAC). Neuro-fuzzy approach trained by a sequence of optimization...
The consumption of fossil fuels spawns environmental considerations in addition to issues of energy demand, national security and resource availability. At global level, scientists warn that the combustion of fossil fuels is significantly changing the world's climate system. Local or regional concerns include smog, acid rain, and health implications of urban air pollution. Due to stringent emission...
The study of the performance of a gas turbine power plant involves complex components. One of the most important component in the modeling of a gas turbine is an axial compressor as in the first few stages involve variable vanes to regulate the flow and avoid surging. Furthermore, a single shaft gas turbine cogeneration plant maintains the exhaust gas temperature for the sake of steam production by...
The effect of temperature on adsorption of reactive blue 19 (RB19) by cross-linked chitosan/oil palm ash composite beads was investigated. Temperature studied from range 30 to 50??C. It was observed that the uptake of this dye increased with increasing in temperature. Results revealed that sorptions of reactive blue 19 (RB19) on cross-linked chitosan/oil palm ash composite beads was endotermic in...
Due to the inherently unsteady environment of the internal combustion engine, unsteady thermal boundary layer modelling could make a useful contribution. Instantaneous heat flux measurements in three different spark ignition internal combustion engines were simulated using a quasi-one dimensional engine simulation program developed in Matlab. Simulation parameters were tuned within reasonable limits...
The following topics are dealt with: crude oil systems; transient compression wind tunnels; turbulent flow data; wood combustion; gas turbine cogeneration plant; hybrid power filter; diesel engine; reactive blue 19 dye; air-cathode microbial fuel cell; wind turbines; biogas plant, palm oil waste; power distribution network; under voltage load shedding; gain scheduled PID controller; induction motor;...
An electrical power system is typically operated at least cost given some technical and reliability constraints. To that end, many utilities use deterministic methods such as n-1 criterion in order to ensure reliability. This method though being used worldwide and for a really long time can be expensive as contingencies occur rarely. In order to evaluate power systems, it must be noted that contingencies...
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