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Emission spectroscopy measurements of Balmer-β and Balmer-γ line profiles are carried out to study their line shapes and line intensities as a function of discharge parameters such as fill pressure (3–7mbar) and input power (200–400W). A technique based on determining the relative intensities of neutral atomic hydrogen emission lines is used to evaluate the electron temperature, whereas the electron...
The acrylic acid (ppAc) films were deposited on a glass substrate by plasma polymerization. The interaction of leukemia cells with the ppAc films was studied. It was found that the leukemia cells showed a higher growth on cell culture polystyrene and microscope cover glass substrates, whereas a low growth (about 60%) on the ppAc films. The presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl and carbonyl...
The beneficial effect of aluminum ion implantation on the oxidation behavior of ZIRLO alloy at 500°C has been studied. ZIRLO alloy specimens were implanted with aluminum ions with fluence range from 1×10 16 to 1×10 18 ion/cm 2 , using a MEVVA source at an extraction voltage of 40kV at maximum temperature of 380°C. The weight gain curves were measured after being oxidized in...
Dust grains in space are charged by various processes. Impacts of energetic ions lead to deposition of positive charge on the grain, increasing the grain potential and, as a consequence, the electric field at its surface. The accumulated charge is spontaneously released as an emission current when the electric field reaches a threshold. This discharging current is usually attributed to field ionization...
Deposition of polycrystalline copper (I) selenide thin films onto glass substrates at relatively low temperature (95°C) have been carried out by chemical route using optimized preparative conditions. The XRD pattern confirmed the formation of copper (I) selenide semiconducting films with orthorhombic structure. A direct-type transition with band gap energy of 1.73eV was reported from optical absorption...
Energy distribution function (EDF) of ion species (Ar + , Kr + , Xe + ) in a rare gas magnetron plasma is measured at a substrate position, 0.1m away from the target surface, by energy-resolved mass spectrometry. The measured ion EDF contains, besides a bulk low-energy part (<10eV), a tail part of super-high energy on an order of 100eV, depending on the mass ratio of ion...
Surface age-hardening high-speed steel has been formed on the surface of different substrates by double glow plasma surface alloying (DGPSA) technique, which possesses many excellent properties such as high hardness, high anti-temper stability, high wear resistance, etc. The hardness of the surface alloying layer is mainly determined by the construction of alloying layer as thickness, element distribution,...
Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films have been grown onto glass substrates by sputtering at room temperature with various controlled oxygen and argon ratios used as reactive and sputter gases, respectively. After deposition, the samples have been annealed at 350°C in the same sputtering chamber in vacuum or in air. The structure, morphology and electro-optical characteristics of the ITO coatings have...
During the last decade the advanced interruption techniques, which use the arc energy itself to increase the pressure inside a chamber by PTFE nozzle ablation, have displaced the puffer circuit breakers due to reduced driving forces and better maintainability. In this paper, we have investigated thermal flow characteristics inside a thermal puffer-type gas circuit breaker (GCB) by solving the Navier–Stokes...
To clarify the dielectric properties of BaTiO 3 with nanometer size region, it is necessary to fabricate the dense structure composed of BaTiO 3 nanoparticles. In the present study, BaTiO 3 nanoparticles were directly deposited on Pt/Al 2 O 3 /SiO 2 /Si substrate by introducing Ba(DPM) 2 and Ti(OiPr) 4 into an inductively coupled plasma...
A systematic study was carried out to characterize the effects of argon atomic beam irradiation and low-energy argon ions in plasma for polystyrene (PS) surface modification. The PS samples were exposed to a 1.5keV, argon atomic beam from a fast atomic source (FAS) at different exposure times. The low-energy (1.5eV) argon plasma ions were achieved in a two-stage RF discharge and PS samples were exposed...
The development, operation, and applications of two configurations of an integrated plasma-aided nanofabrication facility (IPANF) comprising low-frequency inductively coupled plasma-assisted, low-pressure, multiple-target RF magnetron sputtering plasma source, are reported. The two configurations of the plasma source have different arrangements of the RF inductive coil: a conventional external flat...
This study investigates the tribological properties and cutting performance of Ti–DLC and Cr–DLC doped metal coatings. The tribological properties of the coatings are evaluated by testing coated disks against an AISI 1045 steel counterbody under dry conditions using an oscillating friction wear tester, and then measuring the subsequent wear depth on the coated disk, the wear width on the steel counterbody,...
A flexible, detailed and realistic model for static expansion systems is described. The model is based on the solution of a system of equations relating the pressure in a system of connected vessels at arbitrary temperatures. By simulating the distribution of gas in the system, various processes and procedures associated with static expansion systems have been simulated and validation of the associated,...
In this paper we compare the wear behaviour of a vacuum heat-treated ESR AISI M2 high-speed steel and the same steel that was vacuum heat treated in conjunction with a deep-cryogenic treatment at −196°C. Four different tempering temperatures for the specimens austenized at the same austenitizing temperature were carefully selected to obtain various in-advance-determined combinations of the Rockwell-C...
Primary standard gas flow meters are developed for various applications such as calibration of leak artefacts, generation of calibration pressures by dynamic gas expansion and calibration of secondary standard gas flow meters. The Istituto di Metrologia “G. Colonnetti” (IMGC), Italy, and the University of Applied Sciences Giessen-Friedberg (UASG), Germany, maintain primary flow meters based on different...
This article reports on the effect of the energy delivered to a growing film by bombarding ions and fast neutrals on the macrostress σ and the structure of sputtered films. To demonstrate this effect, we selected Mo–Al–N films with a low (⩽20at.%) Al content reactively sputtered using an unbalanced dc magnetron with a target of 100mm diameter at a high total pressure pT=3Pa, low substrate bias Us=-20V...
Hf and Pt were deposited onto molybdenum grids by ion beam-assisted deposition (IBAD). Electron emission characteristics from these coated molybdenum grids contaminated by active electron emission substances (Ba, BaO) of the cathode were measured using the analogous diode method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were performed on the surface of molybdenum grids coated...
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