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Overeating can be automatically triggered by the presence of palatable food. When presented with an opportunity to consume unlimited chocolate under the guise of a consumer study, chocolate consumption in individuals (n=62) with healthy dietary intentions could be predicted from a psychological measure of cognitive inhibition. Individuals who were less able to suppress goal-incongruent responses in...
The purpose of this study was threefold: to investigate the association between three parenting behaviors (parenting style, feeding style, and feeding practices), to evaluate whether these behaviors were associated with child weight, and to determine whether style (parenting and feeding) moderated the relationship between feeding practice and child weight. Ninety-nine parent–child dyads were recruited...
The Emotional Appetite Questionnaire (EMAQ) comprises ratings of tendency to eat in response to both positive and negative, emotions and situations. To assess construct validity, the responses of 232 male and female participants to the EMAQ subscales were correlated with the subscales of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), which has been extensively validated. In addition, the EMAQ scores...
The study aimed to examine both changes in food consumption, satiation and perceived bowel health while consuming a diet rich in chickpeas, and participants, feelings about the dietary change. Forty-two participants completed an ordered crossover study, consuming their habitual diet for 4 weeks, a chickpea supplemented (average 104g/day) diet for 12 weeks, and their habitual diet for another 4 weeks...
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dietary supplement use among Flemish preschoolers and to investigate associations between dietary supplement use and socio-economic variables of the parents. Parentally reported 3-day estimated dietary records (n=696) were used to calculate mean daily nutrient intakes, using Software for Intake Distribution Estimation (Cside). Socio-demographic...
In a prospective longitudinal study, we examined whether the personality trait of self-control protects against weight gain during the transition from childhood to adolescence. We obtained multi-method, multi-source measures of self-control from a socioeconomically and ethnically diverse sample of 105 fifth-grade students. Height and weight were recorded by the school nurse and used to calculate age-...
Restrained eating is a pattern of chronic dietary restriction interspersed with episodes of disinhibited overeating. The present study investigated whether this eating pattern is related to altered electrocortical processing of appetitive food stimuli in two different motivational contexts. Restrained (n=19) and unrestrained eaters (n=21) passively viewed high-caloric food pictures, along with normative...
The present study addresses the emergence of emotional eating in adolescence in relation to maternal or paternal psychological control. A reduction of food intake is considered the biological natural response to distress, therefore we tested whether the a-typical stress response of emotional eating develops in interaction with genetic vulnerability. Carrying the A1 allele of the dopamine D2 receptor...
Aim: To determine if central serotonin (5-HT)-induced satiety is altered in obesity. Methods: Obese and lean Zucker rats received infusion of 5-HT (5μg/0.5μl/h) or saline into the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN) for 2 weeks. Results: In lean rats, 5-HT decreased body weight (7%) and total food intake (15%) which was due to a decreased meal size during the dark phase. In obese rats,...
Mouse models of feeding provide a useful tool for elucidating the molecular pathways of energy regulation. The majority of studies in mice have been limited to intake analyses conducted over extended periods of time, which fail to distinguish between a variety of factors that influence nutrient intake. Using licking microstructure analyses we examined both the size and number of licking bursts for...
The psychological effects of dieting and weight loss have been an area of controversy in obesity. As part of a large multicenter study involving 1944 obese subjects seeking treatment at Italian medical centers, we investigated the effects of weight loss on psychological distress and binge eating in 500 subjects remaining in continuous treatment at different centers with slightly different strategies...
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