Graphene-based electrochemical sensors have recently received much attention due to their outstanding sensing capability and economic viability. In this study, a novel non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) sensor was developed using graphene and gold nanorods (GR-AuNRs) composite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). AuNRs were synthesized by seed-mediated growth method, and characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The GR-AuNRs composite material is endowed with a large electrochemical surface area and fast electron transfer properties in redox species. A GR-AuNRs composite modified electrode exhibits good performance in terms of the electrocatalytic reduction of H 2 O 2 ; a sensor constructed from such an electrode shows a good linear dependence on H 2 O 2 concentration in the range of 30μM to 5mM with a sensitivity of 389.2μAmM −1 cm −2 . The detection limit is estimated to be 10μM. Furthermore, the GR-AuNRs modified electrode exhibits freedom of interference from other co-existing electroactive species. This study provides a new kind of nanocomposite modified electrode for electrochemical sensors.