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For their primary treatment, in this paper, ten coagulants were used. The first examination was the so-called Jar-Test, by means of which the most potent agents i.e. Zetag 7635, Magnasol 5389 and PIX-113, respectively, were selected. Then, the efficiency of these coagulants in waste treatment was studied. Three main parameters: COD, amounts of hexane extractive substances and SO42-concentration were...
Motor vehicles release into the air NOx, which is 50-70% of all pollutants in the atmosphere of larger cities. Both car traffic and solar radiation vary in time and consequently variation of NOx concentration occur in diumal cycle and annual cycle. The paper presents introductory results of the analysis on distribution and the relationship between oxides of nitrogen concentration and the air temperature...
On the base of meteorological data obtained from Ostrołęka measure point (years 1951-2000), the agrometeorological characteristics of north-eastern part of Mazovia region were made. It was pointed out that this region seems to be classified as typical in Poland, but most thermal harsh all over Mazovia region. Mean average air temperature amounted (7,4°C ), but growing season lasted rather no so long,...
The paper presents meteorological data in the station Ursynów -WAU 1998 and characteristics of oxygen content (O2) in the air: means, maximum, minimum, range, standard deviation (Tab. 1, 2). Partial correlation coefficients of oxygen content in the air and temperature, vapour pressure, air pressure are: -0,998; -0,834; 0,999 for January and -0,999; -0,993; 0,997 for July.
The research was realized in the period from April 1998 to October 2003. Research showed different characteristics of reiationship between amount precipitation and reaction of precipitation for acid reaction and alkaline reaction. Degree of pH is positively related with amount precipitation in case of alkaline reaction and negatively related in case of acid reaction. Highest degree of correlation...
The main scope of the research was to estimate rainfall and runoff erosivity factor for climatic conditions of Puczniew located in central Poland. Analyzed period covers years 1980-2002. Criteria accepted for erosivity was meet for 211 rain events. Index R varied from 12,6 in 1989 to 195,6 in 2001. Largest values of indexes R and Rr has been noted for June, July and August. January and February were...
The paper presents results of batimetric measurements, carried out in Middle Vistula River, using integrated Echo-Sounder - GPS system. The aim of investigations was estimation of channel, bottom morphology changes, between different water stages in Warsaw and alluvial basement morphology influence on bottom morphology. The assessment of application of GIS and GPS for large rivers morphology has been...
Landsat 7/ETM + image processed with method taking advantage of ratio images and Principal Component Analysis - PCA was put to Supervised Classification. Classification was carried out with Maximum Likelihood Classification method on the basis of land cover classes determined upon ground exploration data and complementary data as topographic and thematic maps of investigated area. Analysis of satellite...
Vertical barrier walls are widely used in environmental control systems to restrict the lateral spreading of liquid or gaseous contaminants and for seepage control through and beneath a levees. The barrier walls are constructed in a single or two phases using a slurry composed mainly of bentonite, cementitious materials and water to maintain the trench stability and finally low permeability of barrier...
Mean monthly values of maximum and minimum air temperature have biggest variability in summer (about 10°C) and lowest in winter (about 5°C). Variability of absolute extreme monthly air temperature is biggest in winter (in February 46.1°C) and lowest in summer (in July 29.9°C). In October mean monthly air temperature has negative value of skewness but absolute maximum air temperature at this time is...
The paper presents results of physicochemical analyses of water from the under bottom infiitration intake and from the river Wisła channel in Warsaw. Chosen heavy metals sorption capacity of channel deposits - filtration zone of water intake has been taken under consideration.
The changes in land policy of Poland influence intensive law protection of arable land and forestland. Introduce of payment for the loss of land has given as a result that the rate of loss is at present less. Long-lasting eco-development policy and structural projects of European Union give the farms a chance for improvement of natural resources. This paper presents the land use at present in Dolna...
Rectified Landsat 7 ETM + image was processed with contrast stretch and given RGB colour composition 453. In advance land cover classes were derived on basis of measurements and additional an alyses of topographic and thematic maps. Supervised classification was run for four scenarios of different class generalization. Results were compared and effectiveness as well as accuracy in deriving flooded...
The paper presents the analyses of the effectiveness of the process of pollutant removal on the experimental plants of the hydrophilic extra-purifying system. We are presenting the results of scientific research from 2002 and 2003 concerning pollution concentration , also the effectiveness of water extra-purifying process and finally - the comparison of the results within last two years.
Analysis of the results obtained in this paper indicates, in some sense, predominance of the method determining regression function coefficients (fit measure (4)) over the method using fit measure (2). Thanks to fit measure (4) one can obtain more exact projections, particularly longterm projections.
The effect of controlied run-off and groundwater lowering in spring on forming soil moisture and soil drought occurrence in the valley meadow site is evaluated in the paper. Using the 30- years historical meteorological data computer simulation was perfonned and statistical characteristics of droughts were determined. Positive effect of controlled run-off in spring by the minimum drainage on the course...
The paper shows how important the rural infrastructure for environmental protection in the farm scale is. Pollution of surface water by biogenic compounds is a grave environmental problem since it leads to eutrophication of surface water and pollution of shallow ground water, broadly used as a source of drinking water in rural households and causes pollution of Baltic Sea water. In Poland wastes from...
This paper presents the use of dilatometer test to determine the type and state of organic soils. The results of dilatometer tests perfomed in organic subsoils, composed of peat, gyttja layers as well as organic mud, located at the Antoniny, Koszyce and Nielisz sites are shown. The analysis of test results indicates that the correction for material index (ID) proposed by Larsson can be used for tested...
The aim of the studies was to select a set of agrometeorological factors describing the level of potato yields in production conditions in the best way and also to show their time and spatial distribution within the period from 1972 to 1995 and in the years of extremely disadvantageous conditions (1980 and 1992) with regards to agrometeorological cultivation in Poland. The basie material included...
Estimation of meteorological parameters is important especially for regions with local climate conditions which are different than the conditions of surrounding areas. River valleys are the examples of such regions. Main aims of the paper were assessment of influent of valley broadness and depth on basic meteorological parameters and consequently on evaporation and other elements of meteorological...
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