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The sorption properties of milk powder admixed with selected carbohydrates were examined, when studying the effects of mixture composition, agglomeration and humidity. The sorption of water vapour by milk powder, glucose, saccharose, maltodextrin and starch was found to proceed with different rates depending on the type of material, water content and humidity. The addition of 30% carbohydrates to...
Three different ingredient combinations were manufactured into snack by means of extrusion forming then baking. Effect of process variables and ingredient combinations were studied. Tested snacks were subjected to sensory evaluation by trained panelists. Findings indicated that, it should be feasible to produce snack with specific sensory properties by setting appropriate processing variables and...
The samples containing rapeseed oil and palm stearin, both initial blends and interesterified products, crystallised in the ß form. The partial substitution of palm stearin for hydrogenated palm stearin caused that besides the ß crystal form also ß crystal form occurred in the reaction products. The amount of the ß form was the greater, the more palm stearin was replaced with partially hydrogenated...
The studies showed unsatisfactory intake of vitamins from food rations of women and men at the age of over 50 years. The intakes of vitamins В and vitamin C were particularly low. The intakes of fat-soluble vitamins A and E (except vitamin D) were relatively greater, but far from the values recommended.
The ethanol-influenced changes in proteins and some mineral compounds of milk were examined. Despite apparent phasing (induction and post-induction phases), the ethanol coagulation of milk was found to be a continuous process, lasting until 75% of proteins was coagulated and about 20% of proteins was changed into proteozo-peptone and non-protein nitrogen. It was shown that as2-casein and ß-lactoglobulin...
In the present work it was evaluated to what degree the selected fractions of dietary fibre, i.e. cellulose, lignin and high-methylated pectins with the metyla- tion degree of 56 or 73%, influence the determination of sodium nitrite added to in vitro gastric juice with the pH from 2.0 to 3.5. High-methylated pectin was the fraction of dietary fibre which was found to decrease the amount of sodium...
The chemical composition, solubility, and dispersity of milk powders obtained from milks with the 10% and 15% additions of whey and rennet coagulation time (RCT), heat and alcohol stability of the reconstituted milk were studied. The change in the proportion between casein and whey proteins in modified milk powders was found to increase the denaturation degree of ß Mactoglobulin. With an increase...
Growth of Staphylococcus aureus strain No 743 and its production of entero- toxin A (ent. A), thermonuclease (TNase) and ß-hemolysin were studied in cheese whey containing zero, 5, 10, 15, and 20% salt during incubation at 37°C for 48 h. Results revealed that the concentration of salt less than 10% promotes S. aureus growth and production of ent. A, TNase and ß-hemolysin. In the presence of high concentrations...
The study on the prevalence of overweight and obesity involved 3181 women doing mental and physical work. In studied women body height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated to estimate if they were overweight or obese. The per cent of women with overweight and obesity increased with age in both groups. The prevalence of these abnormalities was more frequent in physical workers than in women...
The aim of the study was to assess the mode of nutrition of endurance athletes in view of the Polish recommended dietary allowances (RDA) and special recommendations for athletes. In total, 142 male and 83 female athletes, members of sport clubs or pupils of sport-oriented schools, participated in the study The mode of nutrition was assessed from 24 h dietary recalls for the preceding day. The intakes...
Raw seeds (R) of pea (P), faba bean (F), and soybean (S) were extruded at 130, 150 or 170°C, or boiled in water without previous soaking for 5, 10 or 20 min. Trypsin inhibitors activity (TIA) in raw seeds of P, F and S amounted 2.3, 2.1 and 31.3, and after extrusion at 170°C it reached 0.1, 0.5 and 8.5 trypsin unit inhibited/mg sample (TIU/mg) in P, F and S, respectively. Ten minutes exposition in...
This work proved that the yield of extraction of mannoproteins and their composition and properties were dependent on the conditions of preserving the slurry of spent beer yeast (spray drying or drum drying and time of autoclaving at 121°C) and on the type of solvent. The yield of extraction of mannoproteins was 0.58 to 19.28 g/100 g, depending on the preservation method and time of the thermal treatment...
The content of dry matter was statistically significantly higher in ecological potatoes (ECO). The difference was 1.3 g/100 g fresh mass. The content of nitrates in ECO tubers was 266.6 mg KNO3/kg fresh mass on average, being significantly lower in conventional (CONV) tubers, in which it was 838.7 mg KNO/kg fresh mass. The content of NaNO2 was higher in CONV potatoes, but the difference between CONV...
The differences and similarities of endosperm microstructure in different places of vitreous and mealy kernels of wheat of different origin and hardness were evaluated. Kernels of seven T. durum and five T. aestivum cultivars of different origin, protein content, and mechanical resistance were investigated. Five points on the kernel cross-section surface were selected for endosperm microstructure...
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