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The expansion of Calamagrostis villosa into Nardo-Caricion rigidae grasslands has been recor-ded in the Giant Mountains over the last few decades. The grasslands above the upper tree line were used for cattle grazing and haymaking practices for at least 300 years and the expansion of C. villosa has been recorded after the cessation of this management. The response of the C. villosa stands to mowing...
In 2001 and 2002 the small-plots field trial was established on a medium heavy soil in Žabčice with one variety of spring barley (Kompakt). Better yields of spring barley were observed after winter wheat than after maize. In the year 2001 highest yields at average were reached on fourth variant (Tables 2 and 3), but the content of proteins in grain in all variants exceeded 12.5 % as a consequence...
The Cu and Ni contents in aboveground biomass of oats (Avena sativa L.) used for haylage making were studied in the two-year pot experiment, which included five variants: control (not fertilised), NPK, farmyard manure, compost from Krakow and compost from Červený Újezd (Tab. 2 and 3). The final nutrients dose was IS g N, 1,1 g P and 1.75 g K-pot-1. Fertilisers were applied at one before sowing in...
In pot experiment on very acid soil the effect of form and dose of potassium fertiliser on the cadmium absorption by oats (Avena sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) under conditions of elevated Cd content in soil was investigated. Potassium was applied in two doses as sulphate or chloride against the background of basic NPK treatment. It was found that cadmium uptake and its content in plant tissues...
The effect of modified pratotechnology on herbage production of meadow sward was observed since 2001. Treatments were: mown once (1C) and twice a year with biomass removal — fertilized (2C + N) and unfertilized (2C), mulched twice (2M) and once a year (1M) and non- used plots (0). The yields of aboveground phytomass in 2001 and 2002 were highest on fertilized twice mown treatment {8.7 and 10.4 t DM/ha...
In pot experiments with plants of winter rape it was demonstrated that an increased level of sulphur in soil showed, in dependence on nitrogen doses, a positive effect on seed yield, oil content in seeds and total production of oil per unit area. A statistically significant effect of N-doses on seed yields increased proportionally to the increase in the dose of nitrogen from 100% to as much as 274...
The experiment concerning the study of botanical composition of stands and yielding abilities was founded in 1966. The variants of fertilization for the evaluation: 0-P40 K100-N100 P40 K100- N200P40K100. The significant reduction of the species diversity was found in the nitrogen fertilization. Alopecurus pratensis L., was the most infested plant belonging to the rhizomatic species in both fertilization...
For sustainable soil use soil quality is essential presumption. Soil quality does not depend only on the physical and chemical properties of soil but it is very closely linked with the biological properties of soil mostly on microbiological processes. Soil quality is a dynamic feature, and any significant indicators must be sensitive to small changes in key soil properties. During the years 1991-2002...
The usefulness of Festuca arundinacea Schr. (variety Kora) and festulolium F. arundinacea x Lolium multiflorum Lam. (variety Felina) as biofuel was observed in the year 2002. The energy accumulation and N content in the biomass during vegetation were studied in cca 14 days intervals. There were no significant differences in heating value neither by variety nor by samplings and they ranged from 16...
Significant attention was paid in all developed countries to the agriculture until the seventies of the last century. It was due to the food deficiency in the post-war period. The period of the intensive agriculture production in the former Czechoslovakia lasted longer, due to the necessity of the high self-sufficiency in food feed and raw materials, produced in the agriculture in the closed system...
In paper state of selected environmental elements in Czech Republic and Republic of Poland was compared. It was confirmed improvement of state of environment in majority indexes observed in the last two decades in both countries by lower dust and gasses emission, which in Poland may be partly caused by decrease of industrial production From this reason should be pay peculiar attention in ease of animation...
The dynamics of potassium in the soil was investigated in long-term small-plot field trials at the three stations (Tab. 1), where was used five variants of fertilisation (Tab. 2). The aim of experiment was to determine the effect of mineral fertilisers and organic manures on K balances and content its forms in soil. The level of the potassium in three forms: water-soluble K, available K and mobile...
A field trial with four grass species was established in the year 1996 in Prague, The stands were one or three times per year cut with the mass removing or one or two times mulched The dry mass yields and the share of the sown species (by weight method) were measured from the third to the sixth year of vegetation. The highest share of the sown species with the slowliest decreasing during the years...
Experiment with silage maize was established in 2002. Two hybrids were compared: early hybrid Birko (FAO 210) and middle early hybrid Etendard (FAO 260). Sum of effective temperatures was observed during vegetation period. There was confirmed significant dependence of sum of effective temperatures on dry matter production dynamic of silage maize. Based on study of this indicator is possible to assign...
Non-nutritional applications of polysaccharides are presented as a remedy for limits put on the level and quality of crop production. Present state of technique and prospects arc discussed based on the outlook of European Union, for the level of production of chemical industry up to 2040. The 300% increase in the output of that industry will be achieved without any increase in the utilization of fossils...
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