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Many European Union countries face serious problems with the lack and migration of healthcare personnel. The main reason of the increase of demand for doctors and nurses is society aging. Shortages of employees in the healthcare sector are also a result of the aging of healthcare personnel and decreasing of the number of working staff. Moreover challenging and effortful work conditions together with low salary leads to significant staff turnover. Phenomenon of nursing personnel turnover can be observed especially on the example of Polish nurses migrating to the 'old' EU countries. The authoress presents selected results of researches carried out in the EU countries for the doctoral dissertation purpose. She analyses the scale of Polish nurses migration to the UE countries. She also presents data on the lack of nursing staff in Poland