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Proinsulin processing into insulin and C‐peptide in the secretory granules of the pancreatic β‐cells occurs under mildly acidic conditions and at high peptide concentrations (> 10 mm). Mature insulin has reduced solubility and a propensity to adopt an amyloid‐like structure, but is physiologically released as a mixture of a zinc‐containing core and a zinc‐free, C‐peptide‐rich fluid phase. C‐peptide...
The formation and structure of proinsulin C‐peptide oligomers has been investigated by PAGE, NMR spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. The results obtained show that C‐peptide forms oligomers of different sizes, and that their formation and size distribution is altered by salt and divalent metal ions, which indicates that the aggregation process is mediated by electrostatic interactions. It is...
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