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Cache leakage reduction techniques usually compromise time predictability, which are not desirable for real-time systems. In this work, we extend the cache decay and drowsy cache techniques within the hardware-based Performance Enhancement Guaranteed Cache (PEG-C) architecture. The PEG-C can dynamically monitor the performance penalties caused by using leakage energy reduction techniques to ensure...
This paper studies a multi-stage pricing problem for a large population of thermostatically controlled loads. The problem is formulated as a reverse Stackelberg game that involves a mean field game in the hierarchy of decision making. In particular, in the higher level, a coordinator needs to design a pricing function to motivate individual agents to maximize the social welfare. In the lower level,...
Although wireless sensor networks are widely used in recent years, it remains a big security risk in the transmission of information and energy consumption of the nodes. By summarizing the existing wireless sensor networks attack measures, this paper proposes a way to attack wireless sensor networks by wireless injection, at different times fake nodes is disguised as acquisition nodes and transmission...
Dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) is commonly employed on modern superscalar processors to reduce energy when peak performance is not needed or allowed. As technology scales, the effectiveness of DVFS is limited by the shrinking viable supply voltage range. This work proposes dynamic core scaling (DCS) to extend performance-energy tradeoff capabilities in superscalar processors. DCS ensures...
AODV routing algorithm is widely used in a large-scale outdoor area for ZigBee wireless sensors networks. However, a large number of routing requests in AODV algorithm can easily lead to broadcast storms, which consume a lot of bandwidth and node energy, cause a large amount of signal collision and reduce the quality of communication. To solve these problems, this paper proposes self-learning multi-route...
In this paper, we explore 6 SPM allocation algorithms to improve performance or energy efficiency for Hybrid SPM-Cache (HSC) architectures, including 4 heuristic-based algorithms and 2 optimal algorithms based on model checking. Our experimental results show that the Greedy Stack Distance based Allocation for Energy (GSDA-E) algorithm can efficiently minimize the energy consumption and achieve near...
In this paper, we comparatively evaluate the energy consumption of real-time and media benchmarks on three different hybrid on-chip memory architectures. Our evaluation indicates that while pure SPMs can lead to less on-chip memory energy consumption than pure caches of the same size, the pure caches can reduce total energy consumption than pure SPMs by improving the performance. The hybrid SPM-caches...
Scratch-Pad Memories (SPMs) have been increasingly used in embedded systems due to their time predictability and better energy efficiency as compared to caches. However, the SPM is typically controlled by software, which is less adaptive to runtime instruction/data access patterns that are dependent on the input data and hence may lead to performance degradation. In this paper, we study the energy...
Aiming at the problems of too much energy consumption and local routing optimization in AODVjr algorithm, an improved algorithm based on tree routing algorithm and AODVjr algorithm is proposed to avoid dead nodes emerging too early. The improved hybrid algorithm introduces neighbor table, the calculation method of the parent node address and puts forward a neighbor node selection strategy according...
Scratch-Pad Memories (SPMs) have been increasingly used in embedded systems, for which it is important to reduce the leakage energy consumption. While there are several techniques to reduce the leakage energy for cache memories, those techniques may result in significant performance overheads for instruction SPMs. In this paper, we study a compiler-based approach to reducing the instruction SPM leakage...
In this paper, we propose a spectrum and energy efficient spectrum leasing scheme based on a two-path successive relay technique. The proposed scheme aims to minimize the primary energy consumption to support a primary target rate while maximizing the secondary rate under an energy budget. Two secondary users are employed to alternately forward the primary signal so as to reduce the transmission time...
Cloud computing aims at reducing energy consumption and maximizing resource efficiency without violating service level agreement (SLA). To address these important issues, this study proposes an energy-efficient resource provisioning technology with SLA consideration for virtual machine scheduling. According to SLAs, the resource manager could consolidate virtual machines onto the physical machine...
As transistor density continues to increase with the advent of nanotechnology, reliability issues raised by more frequently appeared soft errors are becoming critical tasks for future embedded multiprocessor systems design. State-of-the-art techniques for soft error protections targeting multiprocessor systems involve either high chip cost and area overhead or much performance degradation and energy...
With the rapid development of new and innovative applications for mobile devices like smart phones, advances in battery technology have not kept pace with rapidly growing energy demands. Thus energy consumption has become a more and more important issue of mobile devices. To meet the requirements of saving energy, it is critical to monitor and analyze the energy consumption of applications on smart...
Nowadays the world faces the global warming crisis, and countries all over the world are trying to develop low-carbon economy. It is a huge challenge for China to change from the traditional economy mode into a low-carbon economy mode. This paper puts forward that it is urgent to develop low-carbon economy for China by comparing the "total energy consumption" with the "ten thousand...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are increasingly used in our daily life. However, since the battery lifetime of a WSN node is restricted, the lifetime of a WSN is also limited. Thus, it is crucial to determine this limited lifetime in advance for preventing service interruptions. This paper proposes a feasible static analysis approach to estimate the worst-case lifetime of WSNs, with specific focus...
The basic idea of H2-C mixture reduction reflexes using hydrogen as main reductant and carbon as main heat generator in iron bath smelt reduction reactors on purpose to cut down total energy consumption and CO2 emission, protect the environment and take advantage of the new energy source. First of all, the calculation of mass and energy balance is very important for the smelt production, optimization...
Urban traffic structure is the core issue of urban transportation industry. Reasonable urban traffic structure can meet urban residential transit demand, and also reduce greenhouse-gas emission of vehicles so as to decrease negative environment impact. Based on the principles of low-carbon economy, a quantitative model for environmental impact of urban traffic structure is established in this paper,...
The large-sized coal-fired power units characterizes as wide thermodynamic scale, huge equipment, large flow and mass, which results in distinct nonlinear feature in energy transmission, conversion and dissipation for specific equipment, system and process. There's highly coupling and nonlinear correlation between the energy consumption in power generation and the external environment, resources and...
This paper proposes a comprehensive routing protocol (CRP) based on the ant colony algorithm for the applications of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). It is a protocol taking both the lifetime of network and the arrival rate of data packet into account. In CRP, multiple paths are found between source and destination, and sub-optimal paths are used occasionally referring to the probabilistic forwarding...
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