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Stroke and neurodegenerative diseases, among a range of other neurologic disorders, can cause chronic paralysis. Patients suffering from paralysis may remain unable to achieve even basic everyday tasks such as liquid intake. Currently, there is a great interest in developing robotic assistants controlled via brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) to restore the ability to perform such tasks. This paper describes...
There is a growing interest in copy number variation (CNV) and the recognition of its importance in phenotype, disease, adaptation and speciation. CNV data is usually ascertained by array-CGH within-species, but similar inter-species comparisons have also been made in primates, mice and domestic mammals. Here, we conducted a broad appraisal of putative cross-species CNVs in birds, 16 species in all,...
The karyotype of Vaillantella maassi, a loach with an unusually long dorsal fin, was investigated using sequential CMA3 and AgNO3 staining to test if this character evolved in parallel with Vaillantella’s morphological distinctness. The karyotype was 2n = 50 with 13 pairs of metacentric-submetacentric and 12 pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes. Sequential CMA3 banding and AgNO3 staining evidenced...
The karyotypes of three recently described species of Chromaphyosemion, namely C. lugens, C. alpha and C. kouamense, were analysed using conventional Giemsa staining, C-banding and sequential banding (fluorescence banding with 4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and Chromomycin A3 (CMA3), C-banding, AgNO3-staining). Diploid chromosome numbers ranged from 2n = 36 in C. lugens to 2n = 38 in C. alpha...
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