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Summary form only given. Basically, the hydrated electron is an excess electron trapped in a potential well formed by surrounding water molecules, with an s-like ground state and three non-degenerate p-type excited states. The electron surrounded by the oriented water molecules is a chemical reactant with an unusually high electron donor capacity as its characteristic chemical feature. On the other...
Summary form only given. Liquid phase electron transfer is one of the key reactions in nature and has been extensively studied. In his pioneering work, Marcus (1985) modelled electron transfer (ET) as thermally activated barrier hopping. Subsequent improvements of the theory that incorporated the influence of solvent dynamics on the ET process, led to the central conclusion that the inverse ET rate...
Abstract. We propose a new criterion for the assessment of ultrashort pulse reconstruction quality. Our idea is based on the use of a two-dimensional Wigner representation of the electric field. This allows introducing a single measure to represent the quality of both phase and amplitude retrieval. The new criterion is employed to examine two contemporary pulse characterization techniques: FROG (Frequency...
We discuss in detail a compact all-solid-state laser delivering sub-5-fs, 2-MW pulses at repetition rates up to 1MHz. The shortest pulse generated thus far measures only 4.6fs. The laser system employed is based on acavity-dumped Ti:sapphire oscillator whose output is chirped in asingle-mode fiber. The resulting white-light continuum is compressed in anovel high-throughput prism chirped-mirror GiresTournois...
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