Search results for: Stephen Blackmore

Items from 1 to 16 out of 16 results

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New insights into the origin of buckwheat cultivation in southwestern China from pollen data

Yi‐Feng Yao, Xiao‐Yan Song, Gan Xie, Ye‐Na Tang, more

Buckwheat is an important crop which originated in China and spread widely across Eurasia. However, exactly where in China domestication took place remains controversial. Archaeological and palynological records suggest a longer cultivation history of buckwheat in northern China than in southwestern China, but this conflicts with phylogenetic evidence implicating southwestern China as the centre...

article

TAK1 inhibition in mouse astrocyte cultures ameliorates cytokine‐induced chemokine production and neutrophil migration

Katiria Soto‐Díaz, Michal B. Juda, Stephen Blackmore, Claire Walsh, more

Journal of Neurochemistry > 152 > 6 > 697 - 709

Systemic inflammation can exacerbate symptoms of many neurological diseases. This effect may be facilitated by glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that alter their transcriptional responses and up‐regulate cytokine and chemokine expression which can, in turn trigger immune surveillance. In this study, we sought to determine the effects of pro‐inflammatory cytokine stimulation (TNF, IL‐1α,...

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Suggested mechanisms underlying pollen wall development in Ambrosia trifida (Asteraceae: Heliantheae)

Nina Gabarayeva, Svetlana Polevova, Valentina Grigorjeva, Elena Severova, more

Protoplasma > 2019 > 256 > 2 > 555-574

By a detailed ontogenetic study of Ambrosia trifida pollen, tracing each stage of development with TEM, we aim to understand the establishment of the pollen wall and to unravel the mechanisms underlying sporoderm development. The main steps of exine ontogeny in Ambrosia trifida, observed in the microspore periplasmic space, are as follows: spherical units, gradually transforming into columns, then...

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Assembling the thickest plant cell wall: exine development in Echinops (Asteraceae, Cynareae)

Nina I. Gabarayeva, Svetlana V. Polevova, Valentina V. Grigorjeva, Stephen Blackmore

Planta > 2018 > 248 > 2 > 323-346

Main conclusion The exceptionally complex exine of Echinops, representing a significant investment of energy, develops from an elaborate glycocalyx which establishes, by self-assembly, a multi-layered system of micelles upon which sporopollenin polymerizes.We report on pollen development in two species of Echinops (Asteraceae, Cynareae) studied using transmission and scanning electron microscopy with...

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Divergence time estimation in Cichorieae (Asteraceae) using a fossil-calibrated relaxed molecular clock

Karin Tremetsberger, Birgit Gemeinholzer, Holger Zetzsche, Stephen Blackmore, more

Organisms Diversity & Evolution > 2013 > 13 > 1 > 1-13

Knowing the age of lineages is key to understanding their biogeographic history. We aimed to provide the best estimate of the age of Cichorieae and its subtribes based on available fossil evidence and DNA sequences and to interpret their biogeography in the light of Earth history. With more than 1,550 species, the chicory tribe (Cichorieae, Asteraceae) is distributed predominantly in the northern...

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Preface to the Special Focus manuscripts

Michael Hesse, Stephen Blackmore

Plant Systematics and Evolution > 2013 > 299 > 6 > 1011-1012

Text passages combined and adapted from “Exine development and pattern formation, unifying ultrastructural and genetic approaches”. Organizers: Stephen Blackmore, Nina Gabarayeva and Michael Hesse. Accepted proposal for Symposium SS 10 of the joint meeting of 13th International Palynological Congress and 9th International Organisation of Palaeobotany Conference, August 23–30 2012 in Tokyo, Japan....

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A novel palaeoaltimetry proxy based on spore and pollen wall chemistry

Barry H. Lomax, Wesley T. Fraser, Guy Harrington, Stephen Blackmore, more

Earth and Planetary Science Letters > 2012 > 353-354 > C > 22-28

Understanding the uplift history and the evolution of high altitude plateaux is of major interest to a wide range of geoscientists and has implications for many disparate fields. Currently the majority of palaeoaltimetry proxies are based on detecting a physical change in climate in response to uplift, making the relationship between uplift and climate difficult to decipher. Furthermore, current palaeoaltimetry...

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Strengthening the scientific contribution of botanic gardens to the second phase of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation

STEPHEN BLACKMORE, MARY GIBBY, DAVID RAE

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society > 166 > 3 > 267 - 281

The need for action on the global environment is now well understood and governments, agencies, non‐governmental organizations and botanic gardens have all been working in their various ways to promote environmental sustainability and reduce species and habitat loss for at least 10–20 years. The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) has been widely adopted, particularly by the botanic garden...

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Developmental origins of structural diversity in pollen walls of Compositae

Stephen Blackmore, Alexandra H. Wortley, John J. Skvarla, Nina I. Gabarayeva, more

Plant Systematics and Evolution > 2010 > 284 > 1-2 > 17-32

Compositae exhibit some of the most complex and diverse pollen grains in flowering plants. This paper reviews the evolutionary and developmental origins of this diversity in pollen structure using recent models based on the behaviour of colloids and formation of micelles in the differentiating microspore glycocalyx and primexine. The developmental model is consistent with observations of structures...

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Preface

Wim Punt, Peter Hoen, Stephen Blackmore, Peter Stafford

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology > 2009 > 157 > 1-2 > 1

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A search for pollen morphological synapomorphies to classify rogue genera in Compositae (Asteraceae)

Alexandra H. Wortley, V.A. Funk, Harold Robinson, John J. Skvarla, more

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology > 2007 > 146 > 1-4 > 169-181

Focusing on Compositae, this paper highlights and exemplifies the range of questions to which pollen morphology may contribute in the investigation of problematic taxa. Using a literature survey and new palynological data from LM and SEM studies, the pollen of a number of “rogue genera” was described and compared with that of potential related taxa in Compositae. Rogue genera are defined as taxa that...

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Observations on the experimental destruction and substructural organisation of the pollen wall of some selected Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

Nina I. Gabarayeva, Stephen Blackmore, John R. Rowley

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology > 2003 > 124 > 3-4 > 203-226

Degradation of mature pollen walls by treatment with potassium permanganate was undertaken in Lavatera arborea (Malvaceae), Oenothera speciosa (Onagraceae) and Stangeria eriopus (Stangeriaceae) in order to investigate the substructural organisation of their exines. In Lavatera arborea the cores of the columellae are eroded so that they appear as hollow tubes and radially oriented rod-like elements...

article

Preface

Wim Punt, Stephen Blackmore, Peter Hoen, Peter Stafford

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology > 2003 > 123 > 1-2 > vii-ix

article

West RG. 2000. Plant life of the Quaternary cold stages: Evidence from the British Isles. 320 pp. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. £65.00 (hardback).

Stephen Blackmore

Annals of Botany > 2000 > 86 > 2 > 433-434

article

Preserving resources? - The Conservation of Plant Biodiversity

Stephen Blackmore

Trends in Biotechnology > 1996 > 14 > 5 > 174-175

article

Garside's rule and the microspore tetrads of Grevillea rosmarinifolia A. Cunningham and Dryandra polycephala Bentham (Proteaceae)

Stephen Blackmore, Susan H. Barnes

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology > 1995 > 85 > 1-2 > 111-121

Tetrad formation in triporate pollen of Grevillea rosmarinifolia and biporate pollen of Dryandra polycephala were observed with differential interference contrast microscopy. The former species was also studied in the SEM. InGrevillea cytokinesis is simultaneous and the tetrads are tetrahedral with the apertures developing in groups of three at four points within the tetrad, conforming to Garside's...

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