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The paper deals with an emerging problem of AC to DC power converters: the establishment of the mean value of the rectified voltage. This is a difficult task due to the nonlinear behavior of the capacitor filter, attached to the rectifiers. Are proposed novel, simplified mathematical models both of the controlled and uncontrolled rectifier, useful in analysis and design stage. A software product is...
The paper presents a novel, original control strategy in order to increase the efficiency of the renewable energy systems. The proposed algorithm uses the Extremum System framework, continuously adjusting the manipulated variable in order to maintain the output as near as possible to its extreme value. The maximum point seeking algorithm is an original, simple one, based on the analysis of the slope...
The mathematical modeling of 18O separation column by isotopic exchange between nitric oxides-nitric acid system is presented while extraction is performed from the column. Such a production regime leads to major changes in the equilibrium equations in comparison with the case with total reflux (no extraction). The presented model is useful both to predict the expected production rate and to predict...
Isotope separation columns are complex plants, with numerous input and output variables. Accurate but still simple mathematical models are necessary both in analysis and synthesis. The present paper deals with the mathematical model of the 18O separation column based on isotopic exchange between nitric oxides-nitric acid, operated at total reflux. The simulation results proves good accuracy.
Industrial chemical processes are usually very complex, making the control a challenging task. The 13C isotope separation process is highly nonlinear, with slow dynamics and large time delays. Based on previous research and by experimental knowledge it was determined that secondary processes, like boiler carbon monoxide level or condenser liquid nitrogen level, play an important role in the satisfactory...
Several techniques to generate the chirp signal have been proposed over the past few decades. Generally, the techniques can be categorized into analog approach and digital approach. In analog chirp generator usually a voltage controlled oscillator is used to generate the chirp signal. However, due to several limitations of this oscillator the digital approach has slowly takes the role as the chirp...
Oxygen has three stable isotopes (16O, 17O, 18O) with a ratio of natural concentration of (99.759%, 0.037% and 0.204%). There are lot of applications in which (18O) is used, so it is necessary to produce it in industrial scale. This isotope can be separated by using various methods, one of them being the chemical exchange between nitrogen oxides (NOx) and nitric acid (HNO3). After a short description...
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