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Advanced radio channel modeling continues to be of great interest in order to facilitate innovation and pursue performance prediction of wireless networks; in particular, dual-polarized antenna systems for 4.5 and 5G require models that properly capture the complex phenomenon of depolarization. Accordingly, we present and validate a ray-based model for dual-polarized channel characterization. We present...
This paper analyses the outdoor small-cell millimeter-wave (mmW) propagation using ray-based simulation tools. The main characteristics of the wireless channel, i.e. pathloss, delay and angular spreads, are characterized through various small-cell scenarios, and by comparison between several frequency bands. The 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands represent the traditional sub-6GHz frequencies in public radio-communication...
This paper presents a detailed analysis of a dense outdoor 4G small-cell backhaul and access networks using advanced simulation and design tools in a realistic urban environment. First, the RAN is simulated and analyzed. The deployment of a dense small-cell layer leads to a 504% capacity increase (to 332 Mbps/km2) compared to the macro-only network but also to a 199% power consumption rise. The impact...
While small cells (SCs) are an important feature of emerging network architectures, providing backhaul to SCs is a challenging problem. Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) wireless backhaul networks provide a cost effective approach in urban areas where providing a wired- or fiber-based backhaul is difficult. An important problem in designing such networks is to optimize the position of backhaul hubs in a way...
Mobile operators need to deploy dense LTE-Advanced small-cell networks in the next few years to cope with the growing mobile data traffic demand. Prediction models and mobile network design tools need to radically evolve to allow a proper evaluation, and then design and optimization of cost-efficient heterogeneous networks. This paper introduces a comprehensive solution for cost and performance analysis...
This paper presents an overview of challenges and solutions for small-cell wireless backhaul. The different technologies, ranging from 3.5 to 80 GHz, are presented with a focus on radio propagation. Then, the new related design challenges are studied. A first case study shows the benefit of ray-tracing and 3D geographical map data for accurate NLOS link prediction. The use of a vertical-plane model...
Indoor small-cell (Femto) technology recently gained attention due to its potential benefits for wireless carriers (significant capacity offload and extension of coverage at low cost). These indoor small-cell base stations are seen as enablers of heterogeneous networks in urban areas. However, there are still hard technical challenges to be addressed (e.g. the optimization of the interference management)...
LTE and LTE-Advanced have introduced complex system features to improve system capacity. Although exhaustively simulated, it often happens that the simulated capacity figures differ from the actual performance seen in the field. This paper explores the combination of real measurements from LTE devices and realistic propagation models to generate coverage maps that are truly representative of radio...
In this paper, the different categories of propagation modeling are introduced, namely empirical, semi-empirical and deterministic. Semi-empirical models can provide a first insight into the coverage of each layer (macro-cell, outdoor and indoor small-cells) but present many limitations for HetNet coverage prediction. On the other hand, deterministic ray-based models provide high accuracy for all...
Femtocell technology recently gained attention due to its potential benefits for mobile operators (significant capacity offload and extension of the coverage at low cost) but there are still hard technical challenges to be addressed (e.g., the optimization of the interference management). Furthermore, the deployment strategies are still in question, such as the femtocell access-mode (open or closed)...
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