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A novel differential serpentine delay line is proposed in this paper for intra-pair (positive and negative trace) length matching as well as inter-pair skew between other pairs simultaneously. It contains several differential U-turn structure in which each U-turn has two different kinds of corners (e.g. two corners are 45 degree while the other two are round). Full-wave simulation was done between...
Optical transceiver modules are commonly used in telecommunication and data communications systems. These modules, which are located in the optical I/O ports at the front-end of switches and routers, are a dominating source of electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems at their operation frequency and/or harmonics. In this study, a simulation model is used to investigate the EMI coupling physics...
Flyback converter is widely used for its high efficiency. However due to fast switching currents and voltages, it can cause high conducted emissions in a system. In this paper we present a method to characterize the EMI noise generation and the coupling mechanism in flyback converters. We also derive analytical formulae to calculate the frequency and amplitude of this EMI noise, which provides an...
The radiation mechanisms from two-wire transmission lines in the gigahertz range were analysed through method of moment (MOM) and the developed analytical formula. Total radiation power (TRP) was used to evaluate the radiation from a straight two-wire transmission line and a two-wire transmission line with right-angle bends. The contribution of the wire segments connecting the source and load to the...
Optical transceiver modules are used in high-end and low-end switches and routers. These modules, located in the optical i/o ports at the front-end of the system chassis, can contribute significantly to the system level EMI at high frequencies. In this paper, a mode stirred reverberation chamber (RC) is used to analyze the EMI performance of the optical modules. Three EMI leakage points are identified...
In this paper we present a systematic method to evaluate radiation of multi-port integrated connector modules (ICM) by S-parameters. A novel test jig is designed and built to measure S-parameters of two columns of ICM ports simultaneously. Based on radiation physics of ICM, a radiation model is created and an F factor to correlate S-parameters to far field radiation is defined. A good correlation...
In this paper, absorber material is utilized to mitigate an EMI problem in real hardware. For a complex and large system, identification of the source location is the first problem which must be solved to achieve electromagnetic interference (EMI) mitigation. Emission Source Microscopy (ESM) provides a powerful tool for locating the sources of radiation in GHz range on a printed circuit board (PCB)...
In addition to the desired differential signals, the undesired and EMI harmful common-mode noise may propagate along differential signal lines. Conventional common-mode filters such as ferrite chokes - which work well in lower frequencies below 1 GHz - have limited effectiveness in the gigahertz frequency range. To suppress critical common-mode in this frequency range without degrading the quality...
In this paper we present a novel three dimensional (3D) electromagnetic (EM) simulation technique to analyse radiation characteristics of various electrical and mechanical components used on printed circuit board (PCB) and electronic chassis. Several cases like optical connectors, “special” EMI features on a chassis, heat sinks and air-vent structure are verified in simulation and measurements from...
In high speed printed circuit board layout, there usually exist skews between a pair of differential signal traces. In this paper the impact of skew length on electromagnetic interference radiation from differential pairs is investigated. The radiation power is analytically approximated and agreed with numerical simulation tool. It is found that skew control can be done according to the differential...
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