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Typical Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) deployments use more nodes than needed to accurately sense the phenomena of interest. This redundancy can be leveraged by switching-on only a subset of nodes at any time instant (node-scheduling) and putting the remaining nodes sleep. This effectively extends the network lifetime. In addition to sensing coverage, node-scheduling schemes must also ensure that...
The FCG code generator produces portable code that supports efficient twospace copying garbage collection. The code generator transforms the output of the FAST compiler front end into an abstract machine code. This code explicitly uses a call stack, which is accessible to the garbage collector. In contrast to other functional language compilers that generate assembly directly, FCG uses the C compiler...
Localization is crucial to many applications in wireless sensor networks. This article presents a range-free anchor-based localization algorithm for mobile wireless sensor networks that builds upon the Monte Carlo Localization algorithm. We improve the localization accuracy and efficiency by making better use of the information a sensor node gathers and by drawing the necessary location samples faster...
With the field of wireless sensor networks rapidly maturing, the focus shifts from “easy” deployments, like remote monitoring, to more difficult domains where applications impose strict, real-time constraints on performance. One such class of applications is safety critical systems, like fire and burglar alarms, where events detected by sensor nodes have to be reported reliably and timely to a sink...
Orca is a simple, imperative parallel programming language, based on a form of distributed shared memory called shared data-objects. This paper discusses the suitability of Orca for parallel symbolic programming. Orca was not designed specifically for this application area, and it lacks several features supported in many languages for symbolic parallel computing, such as futures, automatic load balancing,...
This volume contains the proceedings of EWSN 2007, the fourth European c- ference on Wireless Sensor Networks. The conference took place at TU Delft, January 29–31, 2007. Its objective was to provide a forum where researchers with di?erent experience and background,from hardware to applications, would presentanddiscussthelatestdevelopmentsintheexciting?eldofwirelesssensor networks. Since the interest...
In data gathering wireless sensor network applications, data correlation among the sensor nodes have been utilized to extend network lifetimes. It has been shown that the data correlation also exists between nodes that are far away, contrary to the assumption that correlation decreases as a function of distance. Therefore, it is possible to group the nodes based on the correlation among their data...
Cooperation is the foundation of wireless ad hocnetworks with nodes forwarding their neighbors' packets forthe common good. However, energy and bandwidth constraints combined with selfish behaviour lead to collapsed networks where all nodes defect. Researchers have tried to incentivize or enforce the nodes for cooperation in various ways. However, these techniques do not consider the heterogeneous...
We address the problem of estimating the neighborhood cardinality of nodes in dynamic wireless networks. Different from previous studies, we consider networks with high densities (a hundred neighbors per node) and where all nodes estimate cardinality concurrently. Performing concurrent estimations on dense mobile networks is hard; we need estimators that are not only accurate, but also fast, asynchronous...
With the proliferation of WiFi-enabled devices, people expect to be able to use them everywhere, be it at work, while commuting, or when visiting friends. In the latter case, home owners are confronted with the burden of controlling the access to their WiFi router, and usually resort to simply sharing the password. Although convenient, this solution breaches basic security principles, and puts the...
Wi-Fi based localization has proven to be a compelling alternative to GPS for mobile devices. But Wi-Fi scanning consumes a large amount of energy on smartphones because they perform full scans, i.e. all the channels in their band(s) are visited. This inefficient behavior greatly reduces battery life, raising the threshold for user acceptance. We propose a novel, incremental approach that reduces...
Fair rate allocation deals with the fundamental problem of sharing the channel efficiently and fairly. In wireless networks, several notable works have proposed optimal solutions to this problem. These approaches work well for static networks, but rely on an assumption that renders them sub-optimal when nodes are mobile: at each computation step, nodes must collect the state of all their neighbors...
The high popularity of wireless sensor networks has led to novel applications with diverse, and sometimes demanding, data communication requirements, for example, streaming camera images in surveillance applications. In response bulk-data transfer protocols were proposed that provide low latency and high throughput communication over multiple hops. However, due to typical hardware platforms only providing...
Most applications involving large-scale wireless networks need to know the connectivity of the network topology. Conventional approaches largely ignore the temporal aspects of node-to-node connectivity, and perform an offline analysis. In this paper, we characterize the temporal connectivity in a mobile wireless network, in a decentralized manner. We present Path Detect, a distributed algorithm that...
In large-scale resource-constrained systems, such as wireless sensor networks, global objectives should be ideally achieved through inexpensive local interactions. A technique satisfying these requirements is information potentials, in which distributed functions disseminate information about the process monitored by the network. Information potentials are usually computed through local aggregation...
Low power listening (LPL) has been widely adopted to save energy in wireless sensor networks. However, LPL is ineffective in adapting to dynamic networks with asymmetric traffic patterns, as it sets a network-wide check interval. As a result, nodes with low data traffic waste significant energy resources doing idle listening. This problem is particularly exacerbated in multi-radio networks where majority...
Lossy links are one of the fundamental characteristics of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A large amount of work has been performed on characterizing link properties of 802.15.4 radios, in particular in the 2.4 GHz band. Unfortunately, the 2.4 GHz band has the apparent disadvantage of a crowded spectrum and considerable external interference, e. g., from WiFi, Bluetooth or even microwave ovens. We...
In this paper we propose a pose estimation algorithm based on Particle filtering which uses LED sightings gathered from wireless sensor nodes (WSN) to estimate the pose of the camera. The LEDs act as (visual) markers for our pose estimation algorithm. We also compare the performance of our pose estimation algorithm against two reference algorithms — (i) Extended Kalman filtering (EKF) and (ii) Discrete...
When a wireless sensor network is deployed indoors, sensor nodes often need to compete for channel usage with other, more powerful devices such as 802.11 access points. To mitigate the effects of such external interference we propose Chrysso, a protocol extension specifically designed for data collection applications that leverages the channel diversity of sensor node radios. In the face of external...
Design of current sensor network platforms has favored low power operation at the cost of communication throughput or range, which severely limits support for real-time monitoring applications with high throughput requirements. This letter presents the design of the versatile Opal platform that couples a Cortex M3 MCU with two IEEE 802.15.4 radios for supporting sensing applications with high transfer...
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