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Designing fault-tolerant systems implicates a redundant architecture of most critical system components. Traditional techniques — DMR and TMR, require a compromise with either incapability of a failed system masking or with an extremely high complexity and voter discrepancy. This paper presents a novel, warm redundancy architecture on FPGA based on a 32-bit microcontroller, which eliminates the drawbacks...
This paper aims to present a universal mask that enables all adult patients to use it. This mask has a universal size and head gear. It has many options; from among we list the embedded SpO2 and EEG electrode connections. This mask enables also the input of oxygen, nebulizer, air CPAP and medication. A mechanical switch is used to select between air CPAP and nebulizer.
This paper aims to develop a sensor based monitoring and analyzing system for Neuro-Degenerative Disorder patients (NDD); this may consist on SpO2 sensor, Electrophysiological sensors, NIBP, Motion Capture sensors and Eye Monitoring sensor, taking into consideration an acceptable cost for the whole system. Recorded data will be sent to an embedded decision making unit where detection, analysis, classification,...
In this paper, the Test Pattern Generation (TPG) with a new simple hybrid (dynamic and static) compaction technique for combinational logic circuits and systems is presented. Digital systems are implemented nowadays on an advance VLSI technology, which is called Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The test procedure requires a deliberate introduction of faults in the System Under Test (SUT). FPGA...
The software reliability represents one of the most crucial aspects of functional safety. Software is used in almost any electronic systems. When a safety-critical system is considered, it has to be ensured that the software is able to fulfil the minimum safety requirements. If this is not the case, the software will have to be improved until the minimum requirements are fulfilled. Reliability growth...
Software is nowadays used in almost all systems. Therefore, the reliability of the software is a crucial aspect in safety engineering. Software errors can cause life-threatening situations. To counter this, software reliability models are used. Currently, there are a great number of software reliability models existing. The model that will be considered as the most appropriate is depending on the...
Although the traditional task of communication protocols is the transmission of data, this is actually not completely sufficient if it is used in safety sectors. Therefore, it must be enhanced. In order to detect and overcome failures in systems, risk analysis and failure measurement must be taken into account in each safety-related system. This paper describes the advantages of having a safety-related...
The software reliability plays an important role nowadays. From year to year the systems become more and more complex. Consequently, the software becomes more and more complex, too and this can cause more software errors. In this paper a new method is introduced, which serves to predict the reliability of software in a better way. Furthermore, the presumption that the hazard rate is constant is rebutted...
If safety related systems are remanufactured, as for example steering systems, the functionality, the functional safety, the reliability and the quality have to fulfill the series standards such as the E/E/PE standard IEC 61508 or the automobile standard ISO 26262. This paper examines an investigation with the objective to present a prevention model with which the reliability and the renewal function...
The paper provides an overview of how to create an estimator focusing on failure-defection in safety related systems. Stochastic play a very important role in safety technology. With the help of it, safety systems may be released reliably after an assessment. With the help of the probability theory meaningful statements are achieved and based on them, realistic forecasts may be given. However, in...
Application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), which represent a target platform for safety-related applications, were already covered in the first edition of the standard IEC 61508 in terms of functional safety. Corresponding requirements are introduced in part 2 of the standard. However, using ASICs with on-chip redundancy for safety applications has been introduced only in subsequent drafts...
This paper presents a system that is able to monitor the patient vital signs (Heart Rate, SPO2, NIBP, ECG, temperature and respiration rate) and send them continuously to the doctor's android phone device. The system enables multiple patients to be connected to the same doctor. Within the system, the health care professional may activate/deactivate any of the vital signs sensors. He can also set a...
An end-element, a logic solver system and a sensor are essential parts of safety-critical systems. The time to market of a brand new logic solver system might drastically increase when a safety-critical operating system needs to be written from scratch. According to our observations, the commercial safety-critical operating systems are not flexible enough to be reused for a brand-new platform. Consequently,...
Nowadays, many major efforts and interests are focused on providing better services for some elders and patients who have to live alone, while they are exposed to different dangers during their daily life activities such as falling. The necessity to reduce the negative consequences of falling, whether related to physical or psychological health or to financial encumbrances, by providing an immediate...
Nowadays, many noticeable continues efforts are taken in the vehicle industry to develop robust intelligent systems that control and monitor the vehicles during operational time to lower the side effects of some abnormal conditions such as sliding and spinning; because of their main role in affecting the human safety and the vehicle life-time as well as the costs related to maintenance. Therefore,...
In this paper a complete safety controller on a single chip is introduced. The presented chip is a comprehensive solution that includes a certified application specific integrated circuit for safety-critical applications according to the safety standard IEC 61508, meeting the safety integrity level SIL3. Furthermore, a SIL3 operating system and a SIL3 middleware are also briefly presented in this...
Since the advent of traditional random access memory (RAM) tests, such as Checkerboard, more sophisticated tests and fault models have evolved, taking the characteristics of memories into account. Thus, given a specific type of memory, it would be straightforward to determine suitable state-of-the-art tests. However, the question our research focuses on is: “Which RAM tests do not need to be performed...
Diagnostics is one of the significant parameters of functional safety which concerns itself with revealing dangerous incidents that might impede the operation of safety systems. Diagnostic coverage factor (DC) is defined as a metric for diagnostics in that DC is one of the most important design parameters to measure the effectiveness of safety protection systems. This study addresses how diagnostics...
System-on-Chip architectures are increasingly designed for safety-related purposes. As a very high level of interlocking of hard- and software is required for such specialized systems, different concepts for the software composition are necessary. This paper investigates the benefits resulting from the utilization of a middleware which handles all low-level hardware access demanded by the application...
Nowadays, many considerable efforts are focused on the development of efficient and effective systems that increase the productivity of vehicles by controlling and manipulating the extraordinary states, such as sliding and spinning, during the operational time. Those states play a central role in the performance of the vehicles described as an interaction among different mechanical parts regarding...
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