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Direct decay of pump photons into triplets is an interesting but not-yet-realized nonlinear effect. We are exploring two approaches using photonic crystal fibers: a gas-filled hollow-core PCF and the recently designed hybrid solid-core PCF.
We report on recent advances in soft-glass photonic crystal fibers that make use of improved stack-and-draw and extrusion techniques, and on their use in supercontinuum generation, photochemistry and triplet photon generation.
Optical fields that are spatio-temporally shaped in amplitude and/or phase can be used to coherently control light-matter interactions. An example is the use of femtosecond pulse trains to selectively drive GHz phonons in the core of a photonic crystal fibre (PCF) [1]. These phonons generate, by stimulated Raman-like scattering (SRLS), Stokes and anti-Stokes side-bands within the same optical mode,...
Single-ring hollow core photonic crystal fibre (SR-PCF) has created much interest over the past several years because of the simplicity of the structure, relatively low transmission losses and broad guidance bands. SR-PCF consists of a ring of thin-walled capillaries (inner diameter d) arranged symmetrically around a central hollow core (diameter D). It has been shown that if d/D = 0.682, the LPci-like...
Hollow-core fibres with a single ring of glass capillaries surrounding the core are receiving increased attention due to their relative simplicity, low loss, and broad transmission windows [1, 2]. Recently it was reported that such fibres are effectively single-mode at all guided wavelengths if the inner diameter d of the cladding capillaries and the core diameter D satisfy the relationship d/D =...
Photonic crystals are formed of a regularly patterned microstructured material, with a pitch comparable to the optical wavelength. These materials exhibit unusual optical properties due to the interference of the light scattered at the different interfaces, and this has remarkable consequences such as the formation of photonic band gaps. One way of making 2-dimensional photonic crystal materials is...
The propagation dynamics of an ultrashort optical pulse near the second zero-dispersion point of a small-core high-delta photonic crystal fiber is investigated using cross-correlation frequency-resolved optical gating. Negative dispersion slope strongly influences the observed behavior.
Light-driven mechanical motion or vibration in microstructured glass fibres can result in very large Raman-like optomechanical nonlinearities that may be used, e.g., to modelock fibre ring lasers at a high harmonic of their round-trip frequency.
We review recent work on the use of photonic crystal fiber in ring-cavities—an Er-doped fiber laser mode-locked at the 337th harmonic by a 1.8GHz acoustic core resonance, and a synchronously-pumped ring-cavity for supercontinuum generation.
Gas-filled kagomé-lattice hollow core photonic crystal fibre (HC-PCF) is attractive for nonlinear optical experiments, offering a broad transmission window, a high damage threshold and low loss compared to capillaries [1]. Its dispersion is uniquely low and smooth from the UV to the IR and can be tuned simply by varying the gas pressure. Recently we demonstrated tuning of the zero dispersion wavelength...
Hollow-core photonic crystal fibre (HC-PCF) is unique host for gas-based nonlinear optical experiments. This is because it offers low-loss single-mode guidance in a micron-sized hollow core along with pressure-tunable dispersion and nonlinearity. In previous work, noble gases have been used as Raman-free nonlinear media, permitting efficient soliton-based pulse compression where the interplay between...
Supercritical Xe at 293 K offers a Kerr nonlinearity that can exceed that of fused silica while being free of Raman scattering. It also has a much higher optical damage threshold and a transparency window that extends from the UV to the infrared. We report the observation of nonlinear phenomena, such as self-phase modulation, in hollow-core photonic crystal fiber filled with supercritical Xe. In the...
In my presentation I will review our recent results related to nanophotonic hybrid waveguides in fiber form. I will discuss plasmonic hybridization of spiralling plasmons excited on metallic nanowires in photonic crystal fibers. I will also discuss the optical properties and fabrication of highly nonlinear chalcogenide-silica waveguides and their application in infrared supercontinuum generation.
Hollow core PCF guides light by photonic band-gap effects, created via a delicate two-dimensional periodic lattice of glass webs and hollow channels. Its properties, performance and guidance mechanisms are reviewed and several recent applications discussed.
The near-field profile of a quadrupolar plasmon mode, guided on a gold nanowire incorporated in a PCF, is imaged using SNOM. The mode is excited by phase-matched coupling from an adjacent glass core.
An efficient and tunable 200–600 nm source based on resonant radiation from ultrafast solitons in gas-filled hollow-core PCF is demonstrated. The influence of axially varying dispersion, controlled with a pressure gradient, is also explored.
Starting from a microchip laser and a Stokes seed generated from noise in a hydrogen-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, we generate a phase-locked, octave-spanning, purely rotational frequency comb.
Hollow-core photonic crystal fiber offers new possibilities for sensing and photochemistry applications. In this paper we review our recent achievements on liquid-phase photochemical microreactors using photonic crystal fibers and discuss our future prospects in this field.
Pumping a sharply tapered (5–30 mm taper lengths) solid-core photonic crystal fiber with 130 fs, 2 nJ pulses at 800 nm generates an efficient supercontinuum down to a record-breaking 280 nm in the deep-UV.
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