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The paper presents the current state of art of a developed smart Distribution Management System (DMS) environment based on the innovative SCADA systems. The tool is designed to intelligently manage, on-line and off-line, the distribution systems with a high penetration of dispersed generation and is particularly adapted to the specifics of the distribution systems in Italy. The work results from the...
Nowadays, the integration of intermittent and unpredictable Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) has led to new issues for the electrical system. The paper proposes a model, named Virtual Power System (VPS), which enables the management of generators and loads as a single (virtual) entity in order to achieve a “global” benefit, i.e. to improve the capability of the grid to host RESs. Moreover Energy Storage...
In the future, electrical systems should be able to integrate all users at the same time and guarantee power quality, stability and safety over time. The integration of renewable energy sources leads to new issues involving the intermittence of this generation typology. A high penetration of intermittent power plants will reduce the capability of the system to overcome critical events (e.g. frequency...
This paper introduces the Smart Distribution System concept and the evolution of traditional SCADA systems for its management. The described results come from the research project InGrid done by Siemens Italy in cooperation with Politecnico di Milano and Università degli Studi di Milano universities.
The growing development of Dispersed Generation drives to a novel management of distribution networks in order to take advantages of this new form of generation. In particular the DG determines different power flows along distribution feeders modifying voltage profiles and fault levels and introducing new issues in protection systems. This paper addresses the issues of islanding of a portion of the...
This paper describes the possible evolution of Italian distribution system in facing the growing penetration of Dispersed Generation (DG), in the perspective of smart grids. As for the Italian system, after discussing the Hosting Capacity of MV distribution networks, it is recognized that some challenges are to be faced due to the increasing amount of DG. Even though current technology provides satisfactory...
Cold in the initial growth stages is an important stressfactor for maize grown in regions with a temperate climate,particularly in case of early sowing. Sources of tolerancehave been identified in adapted genotypes, but promisinggenes for cold tolerance should also be found in materialdeveloped under the lower-temperature margins of the cropdistribution. This research was conducted in order to testAndean...
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