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Objective
Epilepsy patients are often grouped together by clinical variables. Quantitative neuroimaging metrics can provide a data‐driven alternative for grouping of patients. In this work, we leverage ultra‐high‐field 7‐T structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to characterize volumetric atrophy patterns across hippocampal subfields and thalamic nuclei in drug‐resistant focal epilepsy.
Methods...
Objective
Clinicians use intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) in conjunction with noninvasive brain imaging to identify epileptic networks and target therapy for drug‐resistant epilepsy cases. Our goal was to promote ongoing and future collaboration by automating the process of “electrode reconstruction,” which involves the labeling, registration, and assignment of iEEG electrode coordinates...
Objective
Stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy (SLAH) is an appealing option for patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, who often require intracranial monitoring to confirm mesial temporal seizure onset. However, given limited spatial sampling, it is possible that stereotactic electroencephalography (stereo‐EEG) may miss seizure onset elsewhere. We hypothesized that stereo‐EEG seizure onset patterns...
Objective
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common type of focal epilepsy. An increasingly identified subset of patients with TLE consists of those who show bilaterally independent temporal lobe seizures. The purpose of this study was to leverage network neuroscience to better understand the interictal whole brain network of bilateral TLE (BiTLE).
Methods
In this study, using a multicenter...
Objective
Measuring cortico‐cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs) is a promising tool for mapping epileptic networks, but it is not known how variability in brain state and stimulation technique might impact the use of CCEPs for epilepsy localization. We test the hypotheses that (1) CCEPs demonstrate systematic variability across trials and (2) CCEP amplitudes depend on the timing of stimulation with...
Objective
Interictal spikes help localize seizure generators as part of surgical planning for drug‐resistant epilepsy. However, there are often multiple spike populations whose frequencies change over time, influenced by brain state. Understanding state changes in spike rates will improve our ability to use spikes for surgical planning. Our goal was to determine the effect of sleep and seizures on...
Objective
The medial temporal lobe (MTL) encodes and recalls memories and can be a predominant site for interictal spikes (IS) in patients with focal epilepsy. It is unclear whether memory deficits are due to IS in the MTL producing a transient decline. Here, we investigated whether IS in the MTL subregions and lateral temporal cortex impact episodic memory encoding and recall.
Methods
Seventy‐eight...
Objective
Despite the overall success of responsive neurostimulation (RNS) therapy for drug‐resistant focal epilepsy, clinical outcomes in individuals vary significantly and are hard to predict. Biomarkers that indicate the clinical efficacy of RNS—ideally before device implantation—are critically needed, but challenges include the intrinsic heterogeneity of the RNS patient population and variability...
Objectives
Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) have been linked to memory impairment, but the spatial and temporal dynamics of this relationship remain elusive. In the present study, we aim to systematically characterize the brain areas and times at which IEDs affect memory.
Methods
Eighty epilepsy patients participated in a delayed free recall task while undergoing intracranial electroencephalography...
Objective
Epilepsy is a chronic disorder, but seizure recordings are usually obtained in the acute setting. The chronic behavior of seizures and the interictal bursts that sometimes initiate them is unknown. We investigate the variability of these electrographic patterns over an extended period of time using chronic intracranial recordings in canine epilepsy.
Methods
Continuous, yearlong intracranial...
ObjectiveBrain regions are localized for resection during epilepsy surgery based on rare seizures observed during a short period of intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) monitoring. Interictal epileptiform bursts, which are more prevalent than seizures, may provide complementary information to aid in epilepsy evaluation. In this study, we leverage a long‐term iEEG dataset from canines with naturally...
ObjectiveVisualizing implanted subdural electrodes in three‐dimensional (3D) space can greatly aid in planning, executing, and validating resection in epilepsy surgery. Coregistration software is available, but cost, complexity, insufficient accuracy, or validation limit adoption. We present a fully automated open‐source application, based on a novel method using postimplant computerized tomography...
ObjectiveCharacterize glutamate neurotransmission in the hippocampus of awake‐behaving rodents during focal seizures in a model of aging.
MethodsWe used enzyme‐based ceramic microelectrode array technology to measure in vivo extracellular tonic glutamate levels and real‐time phasic glutamate release and clearance events in the hippocampus of awake Fischer 344 rats. Local application of 4‐aminopyridine...
PurposeTo evaluate whether use of a bisphosphonate (risedronate) in addition to calcium and vitamin D in male veterans with epilepsy who were taking antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) long term can prevent the loss of bone mass (BMD, bone mineral density) associated with AED use compared to patients who were treated with a placebo plus calcium and vitamin D. As a secondary end point we studied the incidence...
Purpose: To correlate kindling‐associated alterations of the neurotransmitter secretory machinery, glutamate release in the trisynaptic hippocampal excitatory pathway, and the behavioral evolution of kindling‐induced epileptogenesis.
Method: Neurotransmitter release requires the fusion of vesicle and plasma membranes; it is initiated by formation of a stable, ternary complex (7SC) of SNARE [soluble...
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