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While skeletal muscle is often assumed to be structurally transversely isotropic, its mechanical anisotropy is not well characterized in vivo. Such in vivo characterization can be achieved using VisR ultrasound, a technique that provides information about the viscoelastic mechanical response of tissue. Specifically, VisR-derived Relative Elasticity (RE) provides directionally dependent information...
This paper describes an adaptive multi-channel technique for correcting antenna pattern errors. Specifically, we consider an antenna comprising 3 parts: a large primary reflector, a small reflectarray and an radio-frequency feed. First, adaptive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) techniques are used to estimate (in situ) the reflectarray's response to signals from known locations. Then, an adaptive...
The purpose of this study was to determine whether providing subsensory stochastic-resonance mechanical vibration to the foot soles of elderly walkers could decrease gait variability. In a randomized double-blind controlled trial, 29 subjects engaged in treadmill walking while wearing sandals customized with three actuators capable of producing stochastic-resonance mechanical vibration embedded in...
We have reported that peak hip extension is nearly identical in walking and running, suggesting that anatomical constraints, such as flexor muscle tightness may limit the range of hip extension. To obtain a more mechanistic insight into mobility at the hip and pelvis we examined the lengths of the muscle–tendons units crossing the hip joint. Data defining the three-dimensional kinematics of 26 healthy...
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