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Relatively disappointing results with continuous-wave lasers stimulated us to evaluate pulsed lasers for interventional radiology. In this article, we describe our efforts to assess the effects of this technology ex vivo.We modified a Q-switched yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd-YAG) laser to emit pulses of 300 mJ maximum with a 20-Hz repetition rate, at 1064 nm, and with a duration that ranged from 300...