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Microcystin-LR is the most frequently studied cyclic heptapeptide produced by different genera of cyanobacteria and is hepatotoxic to livestock and human populations. The adverse effects of microcystin-LR on morphology and cytoskeletal elements in different stages of early embryonal development have been studied in vitro. Embryos and whole embryo cultures have been exposed to microcystin-LR (10-100...
Crotoxin is the major neurotoxic component of the venom of the South American rattlesnake, Crotalus durissus terrificus, which blocks neuromuscular transmission at a presynaptic level. The crotoxin molecule is composed of a basic phospholipase A 2 , called component-B (CB), and an acidic, nonenzymatic and nontoxic subunit, called component-A (CA). CA enhances the pharmacological efficiency...
It has been shown recently that the extract from the zoanthid crust coral Parazoanthus axinellae is lethal to crabs and mice. The in vivo effects of the extract were typical of an AChE inhibition. The purified substance isolated from the extract inhibits the purified AChE from electric eel in 1 μM concentration, which is comparable to the potency of physostigmine, the first described natural AChE...
Equinatoxin III is one of the three isotoxins isolated from the Adriatic sea anemone Actinia equina. Its effectsin vivo and on isolated organs have not yet been studied. Cardiorespiratory arrest due to the coronary vasoconstriction is the main reason for the lethality of a similar equinatoxin (II). Equinatoxin III is more haemolytic but less toxic than equinatoxin II. The aim of our study was...
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