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Pregnancy challenges maternal calcium handling because sufficient calcium has to be transferred to the fetus to ensure fetal bone mass acquisition. 1,25(OH) 2 vitamin D [1,25(OH) 2 D] is an important regulator of calcium homeostasis during adulthood, yet its role seems redundant for the maternal adaptations to pregnancy as well as during fetal development. However, not only deficiency...
Energy-dependent intestinal calcium absorption is important for the maintenance of calcium and bone homeostasis, especially when dietary calcium supply is restricted. The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 [1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ], is a crucial regulator of this process and increases the expression of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 6 (Trpv6) calcium channel...
Bone loss is observed after exposure to weightlessness in both astronauts and inflight animals. Histological and biochemical studies on rats have shown a decrease in bone formation, probably as a result of altered osteoblast function. To investigate whether microgravity alters osteoblast differentiation in vitro, the human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 was used as a model. MG-63 cells can be induced...
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