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Surrogate glasses were fabricated by the sol–gel process aiming to produce compositions similar to naturally occurring tektite. The volatile species in the xerogel samples were removed by heat treatments. All products were characterized by thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectroscopic techniques. The elemental distribution in the surrogates was...
The synthesis and characterization of graphene-like materials, prepared by plasma processing of graphite oxide is described. The thermal exfoliation and reduction of graphite oxide was obtained by passing an aerosol of coarsely ground graphite oxide with no solvent through a low-power (900W) microwave generated plasma, with argon as the carrier and plasma gas. The reduced material obtained by this...
Graphene sheets were produced from graphite oxide using a simple two-step process. First, graphite oxide (GO) is well mixed with an expansion–reduction agent, such as urea, that decomposes upon heating to release reducing gases. Second, the mix is heated in an inert gas environment (e.g. N 2 ) for a very short time to a moderate temperature (ca. 600°C). Reaction temperature selection should...
Employing a relatively new method, in which carbon structures are grown from fuel rich combustion mixtures using palladium particles as catalyst, multi-scale diameter nanometer – micrometer filament structures were grown from ethylene/oxygen mixtures at 550°C on commercial PAN micrometer carbon fibers. The filaments formed had a diameter roughly equal to the palladium particle size. At sufficiently...
The characteristics of carbonaceous materials deposited in fuel rich ethylene–oxygen mixtures on three types of palladium: foil, sputtered film, and nanopowder, are reported. It was found that the form of palladium has a dramatic influence on the morphology of the deposited carbon. In particular, on sputtered film and powder, tight ‘weaves’ of sub-micron filaments formed quickly. In contrast, on foils...
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