Search results for: Peter Styles

Items from 1 to 20 out of 26 results

article

Assessing the seismic wavefield of a wind turbine using polarization analysis

Rachel F. Westwood, Peter Styles

Ambient seismic noise can often be seen as problematic but with the right analysis can act as a tool to image the Earth. Wind turbines are known to generate low frequency vibrations; however, the wave types that are generated are currently unknown. Characterizing these vibrations will allow wind turbines to be used as a seismic source and be of value to geotechnical applications and seismic interferometry...

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Horizontal respect distance for hydraulic fracturing in the vicinity of existing faults in deep geological reservoirs: a review and modelling study

Rachel F. Westwood, Samuel M. Toon, Peter Styles, Nigel J. Cassidy

Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources > 2017 > 3 > 4 > 379-391

Hydraulic fracturing is widely used in the petroleum industry to enhance oil and gas production, especially for the extraction of shale gas from unconventional reservoirs. A good understanding of the vertical distance which should be preserved between hydraulic stimulation and overlying aquifers (potable water) has been demonstrated as being greater than 600 m (2000 feet). However, the effective application...

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Anthropogenic earthquakes in the UK: A national baseline prior to shale exploitation

Miles P. Wilson, Richard J. Davies, Gillian R. Foulger, Bruce R. Julian, more

Marine and Petroleum Geology > 2015 > 68 > PA > 1-17

We review the distribution, timing and probable causes of ∼8000 onshore UK seismic events between the years 1970–2012. Of 1769 onshore seismic events with local magnitudes (M_L) ≥ 1.5, we estimate at least ∼21% of these have an anthropogenic origin, at least ∼40% were natural and ∼39% have an undetermined, anthropogenic or natural origin. The majority of the anthropogenic related earthquakes were caused...

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OSL Dating and GPR Mapping of Palaeotsunami Inundation: A 4000-Year History of Indian Ocean Tsunamis as recorded in Sri Lanka

Ranjith Premasiri, Peter Styles, Victor Shrira, Nigel Cassidy, more

Pure and Applied Geophysics > 2015 > 172 > 12 > 3357-3384

To evaluate and mitigate tsunami hazard, as long as possible records of inundations and dates of past events are needed. Coastal sediments deposited by tsunamis (tsunamites) can potentially provide this information. However, of the three key elements needed for reconstruction of palaeotsunamis (identification of sediments, dating and finding the inundation distance) the latter remains the most difficult...

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Induced seismicity and hydraulic fracturing for the recovery of hydrocarbons

Richard Davies, Gillian Foulger, Annette Bindley, Peter Styles

Marine and Petroleum Geology > 2013 > 45 > Complete > 171-185

We compile published examples of induced earthquakes that have occurred since 1929 that have magnitudes equal to or greater than 1.0. Of the 198 possible examples, magnitudes range up to 7.9. The potential causes and magnitudes are (a) mining (M 1.6–5.6); (b) oil and gas field depletion (M 1.0–7.3); (c) water injection for secondary oil recovery (M 1.9–5.1); (d) reservoir impoundment (M 2.0–7.9);...

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Simultaneous estimation of shape factor and depth of subsurface cavities from residual gravity anomalies using feed-forward back-propagation neural networks

Alireza Hajian, Hossein Zomorrodian, Peter Styles

Acta Geophysica > 2012 > 60 > 4 > 1043-1075

We develop a new method of using feed-forward back-propagation (FFBP) neural networks to simultaneously estimate shape factor and depth of gravity anomalies. The advantages compared to neural network methods are the following: no pre-assumptions are made on source shape, the FFBP neural network estimates both depth and shape factor of source bodies and, once trained, works well for any new data in...

article

The first cryoprobe – Some recollections

Peter Styles, Nick F. Soffe, Christopher A. Scott

Journal of Magnetic Resonance > 2011 > 213 > 2 > 355-356

article

The Haiti Earthquake: a salutary lesson in (non) earthquake engineering

Peter Styles

Geology Today > 26 > 2 > 53 - 54

A devastating earthquake of magnitude 7 struck very close and almost beneath Port au Prince the capital of Haiti, the western half of the island of Hispaniola, early in the morning of Tuesday, 12 January 2010 (Fig. 1). While in absolute terms this was by no means the largest earthquake recorded this year globally, the death toll is around 230 000, making it one of the world's worst earthquakes in...

article

MRI and MRS alterations in the preclinical phase of murine prion disease: Association with neuropathological and behavioural changes

Kerry A. Broom, Daniel C. Anthony, John P. Lowe, Julian L. Griffin, more

Neurobiology of Disease > 2007 > 26 > 3 > 707-717

Prion diseases are fatal chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Previous qualitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) studies report conflicting results in the symptomatic stages of the disease, but little work has been carried out during the earlier stages of the disease. Here we have used the murine ME7 model of prion disease to quantitatively investigate MRI and MRS changes...

article

Chronic oral ascorbic acid therapy worsens skeletal muscle metabolism in patients with chronic heart failure

Angus K. Nightingale, Jenifer G. Crilley, Nicholas C. Pegge, Ernie A. Boehm, more

European Journal of Heart Failure > 2007 > 9 > 3 > 287-291

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is associated with abnormalities of skeletal muscle metabolism. This may be due to impaired oxygen delivery as a result of endothelial dysfunction.We postulated that ascorbic acid would improve oxygen delivery to exercising muscle and improve skeletal muscle metabolism.We studied skeletal muscle metabolism using ³¹ P magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 39 CHF patients...

article

Abnormal cardiac energetics in patients carrying the A3243G mtDNA mutation measured in vivo using phosphorus MR spectroscopy

Raffaele Lodi, Bheeshma Rajagopalan, Andrew M. Blamire, Jenifer G. Crilley, more

BBA - Bioenergetics > 2004 > 1657 > 2-3 > 146-150

Cardiomyopathy is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in patients carrying the A3243G transition in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) tRNALeu(UUR) gene, the most common heteroplasmic single mtDNA defect. We used phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( ³ ¹ P-MRS) to look for evidence of an in vivo bioenergetics defect in patients carrying the A3243G mtDNA mutation with and without...

article

Study of cytokine induced neuropathology by high resolution proton NMR spectroscopy of rat urine

Julian L. Griffin, Daniel C. Anthony, Sandra J. Campbell, Jack Gauldie, more

FEBS Letters > 2004 > 568 > 1-3 > 49-54

Multiple sclerosis is a major cause of non-traumatic neurological disability. The identification of markers that differentiate disease progression is critical to effective therapy. A combination of NMR spectroscopic metabolic profiling of urine and statistical pattern recognition was used to detect focal inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) lesions induced by microinjection of a replication-deficient...

article

Multi-modal MRI in normal pressure hydrocephalus identifies pre-operative haemodynamic and diffusion coefficient changes in normal appearing white matter correlating with surgical outcome

Robin G. Corkill, Matthew R. Garnett, Andrew M. Blamire, Bheeshma Rajagopalan, more

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery > 2003 > 105 > 3 > 193 - 202

Magnetic resonance techniques were used to investigate haemodynamic abnormalities and their consequences in normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and to assess changes in these parameters following surgery. Eleven patients with NPH were studied pre- and post-operatively using perfusion and diffusion weighted imaging and compared with ten age-matched controls. Pre-operative periventricular relative cerebral...

article

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to sarcomeric gene mutations is characterized by impaired energy metabolism irrespective of the degree of hypertrophy

Jenifer G Crilley, Ernest A Boehm, Edward Blair, Bheeshma Rajagopalan, more

Journal of the American College of Cardiology > 2003 > 41 > 10 > 1776-1782

We investigated cardiac energetics in subjects with mutations in three different familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) disease genes, some of whom were nonpenetrant carriers without hypertrophy, using phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is caused by mutations in sarcomeric protein genes. The mechanism by which these mutant proteins cause disease...

article

Maternal antibody-mediated dyslexia? Evidence for a pathogenic serum factor in a mother of two dyslexic children shown by transfer to mice using behavioural studies and magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Angela Vincent, Robert Deacon, Paola Dalton, Claire Salmond, more

Journal of Neuroimmunology > 2002 > 130 > 1-2 > 243-247

The causes of dyslexia are unknown, but previous studies have suggested an immunological basis in some cases. We hypothesised that maternal antibodies, which cross the placenta and bind to fetal antigens, could be responsible, particularly when the dyslexia recurs in consecutive pregnancies. We injected serum samples from five mothers of two or more children with dyslexia into pregnant mice, and tested...

article

Despite improving endothelial function oral vitamin C increases phosphocreatine depletion during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure

Angus K. Nightingale, Jenny G. Crilley, Nicholas C. Pegge, Rachel C. Field, more

Journal of the American College of Cardiology > 2002 > 39 > S1 > 182

article

Cerebellar morphology in developmental dyslexia

Caroline Rae, Jenny A. Harasty, Theresa E. Dzendrowskyj, Joel B. Talcott, more

Neuropsychologia > 2002 > 40 > 8 > 1285-1292

Recent evidence has suggested cerebellar anomalies in developmental dyslexia. Therefore, we investigated cerebellar morphology in subjects with documented reading disabilities. We obtained T1-weighted magnetic resonance images in the coronal and sagittal planes from 11 males with prior histories of developmental dyslexia, and nine similarly-aged male controls. Proton magnetic resonance spectra (TE=136ms,...

article

Cardiac energetics are abnormal in Friedreich ataxia patients in the absence of cardiac dysfunction and hypertrophy: An in vivo ³ ¹ P magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

Raffaele Lodi, Bheeshma Rajagopalan, Andrew M. Blamire, J. Mark Cooper, more

Cardiovascular Research > 2001 > 52 > 1 > 111-119

Objective: Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), the commonest form of inherited ataxia, is often associated with cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction is the most frequent cause of death. In 97%, FRDA is caused by a homoplasmic GAA triplet expansion in the FRDA gene on chromosome 9q13 that results in deficiency of frataxin, a mitochondrial protein of unknown function. There is evidence that frataxin deficiency...

article

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy evidence of abnormal cardiac energetics in Xp21 muscular dystrophy

Jenifer G Crilley, Ernest A Boehm, Bheeshma Rajagopalan, Andrew M Blamire, more

Journal of the American College of Cardiology > 2000 > 36 > 6 > 1953-1958

OBJECTIVESOur aim was to measure the cardiac phosphocreatine to adenosine triphosphate ratio (PCr/ATP) noninvasively in patients and carriers of Xp21 muscular dystrophy and to correlate the results with left ventricular (LV) function as measured by echocardiography.BACKGROUNDDuchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (the Xp21 dystrophies) are associated with the absence or altered expression of dystrophin...

article

Correlating magnetic resonance imaging markers of axonal injury and demyelination in motor impairment secondary to stroke and multiple sclerosis

Sarah T. Pendleburyab, Martin A. Lee, Andrew M. Blamire, Peter Styles, more

Magnetic Resonance Imaging > 2000 > 18 > 4 > 369-378

The primary pathological mechanisms in stroke and multiple sclerosis (MS) are very different but in both diseases, impairment may arise from a final common pathway of axonal damage. We aimed to examine the relationship between motor impairment, magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR) (an index of demyelination), and N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) loss (an index of axonal injury) localised to the descending motor...

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Search results for: Peter Styles

Assessing the seismic wavefield of a wind turbine using polarization analysis

Horizontal respect distance for hydraulic fracturing in the vicinity of existing faults in deep geological reservoirs: a review and modelling study

Anthropogenic earthquakes in the UK: A national baseline prior to shale exploitation

OSL Dating and GPR Mapping of Palaeotsunami Inundation: A 4000-Year History of Indian Ocean Tsunamis as recorded in Sri Lanka

Induced seismicity and hydraulic fracturing for the recovery of hydrocarbons

Simultaneous estimation of shape factor and depth of subsurface cavities from residual gravity anomalies using feed-forward back-propagation neural networks

The first cryoprobe – Some recollections

The Haiti Earthquake: a salutary lesson in (non) earthquake engineering

MRI and MRS alterations in the preclinical phase of murine prion disease: Association with neuropathological and behavioural changes

Chronic oral ascorbic acid therapy worsens skeletal muscle metabolism in patients with chronic heart failure

Abnormal cardiac energetics in patients carrying the A3243G mtDNA mutation measured in vivo using phosphorus MR spectroscopy

Study of cytokine induced neuropathology by high resolution proton NMR spectroscopy of rat urine

Multi-modal MRI in normal pressure hydrocephalus identifies pre-operative haemodynamic and diffusion coefficient changes in normal appearing white matter correlating with surgical outcome

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to sarcomeric gene mutations is characterized by impaired energy metabolism irrespective of the degree of hypertrophy

Maternal antibody-mediated dyslexia? Evidence for a pathogenic serum factor in a mother of two dyslexic children shown by transfer to mice using behavioural studies and magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Despite improving endothelial function oral vitamin C increases phosphocreatine depletion during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure

Cerebellar morphology in developmental dyslexia

Cardiac energetics are abnormal in Friedreich ataxia patients in the absence of cardiac dysfunction and hypertrophy: An in vivo ³ ¹ P magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy evidence of abnormal cardiac energetics in Xp21 muscular dystrophy

Correlating magnetic resonance imaging markers of axonal injury and demyelination in motor impairment secondary to stroke and multiple sclerosis

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