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Exocrine acinar cells in the pancreas are highly differentiated cells that retain a remarkable degree of plasticity. After isolation and an initial phase of dedifferentiation in vitro, rodent acinar cells can convert to endocrine β-cells when cultured in the presence of appropriate factors. The mechanisms regulating this phenotypic conversion are largely unknown.Using rat acinar cell cultures, we...
Novel strategies in diabetes therapy would obviously benefit from the use of beta (β) cell stem/progenitor cells. However, whether or not adult β cell progenitors exist is one of the most controversial issues in today's diabetes research. Guided by the expression of Neurogenin 3 (Ngn3), the earliest islet cell-specific transcription factor in embryonic development, we show that β cell progenitors...
Plakophilin 3 (PKP3) belongs to the p120ctn family of armadillo-related proteins predominantly functioning in desmosome formation. Here we report that PKP3 is transcriptionally repressed by the E-cadherin repressor ZEB1 in metastatic cancer cells. ZEB1 physically associates with two conserved E-box elements in the PKP3 promoter and partially represses the activity of corresponding human and mouse...
Armadillo-like proteins are characterized by a series of armadillo repeats that are typically 42 to 45 amino acids in length. Three major subfamilies of Armadillo-like proteins can be distinguished on the basis of their number of repeats, their overall sequence similarity, and dispersion of the repeats throughout the protein. One of these is the p120 ctn /plakophilin subfamily, which contains...
Catenins were discovered as proteins that are linked to the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane cadherins. Among these junctional plaque proteins are several members of the Armadillo gene family: β-catenin, plakoglobin, and p120ctn. Recently it became clear that some catenins also mediate nuclear signaling. We performed a detailed analysis of the human p120ctngene (HGMW-approved symbol CTNND1) and...
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