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A biomedical interface that combines into a single and compact device the recording of biopotentials and the electrical stimulation of neural fibres is presented. It is intended for enabling the control over a robotic hand and for restoring the sensory feedback in amputees by directly interfacing the peripheral nervous system (PNS) in closed-loop. A modular system consisting in one or more independent...
Microdevices capables of in-vivo recording action potentials and, eventually, stimulating axons, can be valuable tools to increase our knowlegde about the organization of the nervous system. We present a regenerative-type, long-term neural interface to interact with the peripheral nervous system, currently under development at our center. In the paper we show different versions of passive interfaces...
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in the Western world, responsible for more than 44% of new ESRD cases in the United States.1 Type 2 diabetes is currently responsible for the large majority of diabetic ESRD patients.2 Among patients with type 1 diabetes, 25% to 35% ultimately develop severe DN and a similar risk is found by long-term survivors of type...
For chronic stimulation of nerve fibers, only charge balanced waveforms should be used. However, if the charge recuperation phase comes right after the stimulation phase, it might abolish activation of the nerve fibers that are close to the threshold level. Delaying the charge recuperation phase may eliminate this abolition effect, and thus reduce the charge required to activate nerve fibers. The...
For assessing the suitability of a given material for peripheral nerve implantation, acute and chronic tests to investigate tissue reaction, and evaluate the thickness of fibroblast layers that surround the material and the presence of inflammatory cells are mandatory. In this study we compared in vivo the biocompatibility of parylene C and polyimide, two materials intended for fabrication of neural...
In neonatal electroencephalography (EEG) heart activity is a major source of artifacts which can lead to misleading results in automated analysis if they are not properly eliminated. In this work we propose a combination of empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and adaptive filtering (AF) to cancel electrocardiogram (ECG) noise in a simplified EEG montage for preterm infants. The introduction of EMD...
For patients with Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices (CIEDs), telemonitoring promises improved quality of life and safety, since events recorded by the device or observed by the patient can alert a health professional. Taking into account the latest clinical guidelines when responding to such alerts, is a topic of active research addressed by the iCARDEA project. A key technical challenge...
We analyzed the performance of five common estimators of the Hurst parameter (H) in simulated data, i.e. surrogate and synthetic through a fractional Gaussian noise model. Inter-breath signals of 30 preterm infants were used to generate surrogates as well as the synthetic data, which was produced according 3 typical patterns: erratic (EB), periodic (PB) and regular breathing (RB). The discrete wavelet...
The introduction of micromachining technologies into design and development of interfaces to the peripheral nervous systems more than 20 years ago led to novel silicon and polymer based microimplants. Polyimide has been chosen as candidate for flexible implants. In this work, the investigations on different designs, the material stability and different aspects of biocompatibility as well as the functional...
Patient empowerment frameworks engage citizens in their healthcare. Heart patients undergo implantation of Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices (CIEDs) that support remote monitoring hoping to live a longer healthier life. Electronic Health Records (EHR), remote device monitoring, and lifestyle data can supply patient context to computerized guidelines so that health events are timely assessed...
Longitudinal intrafascicular electrodes (LIFEs) designed to be placed inside a peripheral nerve seem adequate devices for constituting a nerve-prosthesis interface. In this study we evaluated the functional and morphological effects of newly designed polyimide-based thin-film (tf-)LIFEs implanted in the rat sciatic nerve for 3 months. The tf-LIFEs used are highly flexible, and have 8 regularly spaced...
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