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Plate tectonics is a self-organizing global system driven by the negative buoyancy of the thermal boundary layer resulting in subduction. Although the signature of plate tectonics is recognized with some confidence in the Phanerozoic geological record of the continents, evidence for plate tectonics becomes less certain further back in time. To improve our understanding of plate tectonics on the Earth...
In order to expand an applicability of a model for evolution of the alkalic chloride-rich liquids in the upper mantle additional runs in chloride–carbonate–silicate systems involving model silicate end-members were performed at 5 GPa. Results of experiments can be evaluated using the single scheme of phase relations. They show that interaction of the chloride–carbonate liquids with silicates produces...
The integration of new and published geochronologic data with structural, magmatic/anatectic and pressure–temperature (P–T) process information allow the recognition of high-grade polymetamorphic granulites and associated high-grade shear zones in the Central Zone (CZ) of the Limpopo high-grade terrain in South Africa. Together, these two important features reflect a major high-grade D 3 /M...
Two-dimensional numerical modeling of early continental collision associated with subduction of the lithospheric mantle shows that the formation and exhumation of coesite- and diamond-bearing rocks metamorphosed at 700 to 900 °C in the presence of dense supercritical silicate fluids and melts may be explained by a transient “hot channel effect”. Anomalously high temperature is caused by intense viscous...
Many Precambrian granulite facies terrains experienced two regional high-grade events, with the first one having occurred in the Neoarchaean and the subsequent overprints in the Palaeoproterozoic. Since structural and geochronological studies often are unable to discriminate between these two tectono-metamorphic events (D/M), we used the configuration of a composite P–T path as a signature of two...
Crystal-liquid equilibria, including phase relationships of minerals with silicate and/or carbonate melts, are reviewed in order to understand the occurrence of clinopyroxene with up to 2 wt.% K 2 O (KCpx). This mineral occurs as inclusions in diamond from kimberlite pipes and in garnet from garnet-clinopyroxene potassium-poor silicate rocks intercalated with diamondiferous silicate-carbonate...
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