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Concepts of nonlinear physics are applied to an increasing number of research disciplines. With this volume, the editors offer a selection of articles on nonlinear topics in progress, ranging from physics and chemistry to biology and some applications of social science. The book covers quantum optics, electron crystallization, cellular or flow patterns in fluids and in granular media, biological systems,...
We present a study on the temperature and film depth dependent phase formation in Cu-Zn-Sn-Se thin films. Zn/Sn/Cu precursors were selenized at different temperatures, followed by depth-resolved Raman profiling. A high depth resolution for Raman analysis was achieved by a special sample preparation step using a focused ion beam to prepare shallow angle cross sections (SACS) of the absorber. Multi-phase...
It is well known that charge density wave systems exhibit a variety of phenomena related to the existence of metastable states: Electric measurements reveal hystereses in both their thermal and electric behavior as well as different kinds of memory effects. Although these integral methods provide strong evidence for metastability, they can not uncover the spatial structure of the charge density wave...
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is proposed to be a “dynamical disease” in the sense of Mackey and Glass. It according to the Prusiner-Gajduesek model involves an autocatalysis with an exceedingly low threshold for “going off.” A few trigger molecules are believed to be sufficient. This extreme sensitivity — combined with the fact that only natural body constituents are involved — paradoxically...
In searching for a potentially nonunique mapping between regions of high and low redshift, something simpler was found instead: A proportional size increase in a high-redshift region. Unlike special-relativistic effects, where slowed-down (departing) objects shrink in size, a size increase occurs in a gravitational potential. As the horizon of a black hole is approached, the rest of the universe when...
Aimed at researchers and graduate students, this book provides up-to-date information for understanding electronic interactions that impact the optical properties of rare earth ions in solids. Its goal is to establish a connection between fundamental principles and the materials properties of rare-earth activated luminescent and laser optical materials. The theoretical survey and introduction to...
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