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The relationship between intake port configuration for a 4-valve lean-burn engine and its performance of in-cylinder swirl generation was investigated. Among several configurations, a tangential port showed the best performance in terms of the compatibility of flow coefficient and high swirl generation. The lean-burn engine based on this port not only provided superior lean combustibility but also...
The effects of ignition retard were investigated as a means to rapidly elevate the exhaust gas temperature to heat up the catalyst, as this is effective to reduce hydrocarbon emissions during cold start and warm up phases. The result of numerical simulations, as well as actual engine experiments, showed a very quick light-off of catalyst, and therefore reduced hydrocarbon emissions, if the ignition...