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Commanding the payload on a spacecraft (“uplink” sequencing and command generation) and processing the instrument data returned (“downlink” data processing) are two primary functions of Science Operations on a mission. While vitally important, it is sometimes surprisingly difficult to connect data returned from a spacecraft to the corresponding commanding and sequencing information that created the...
Spacecraft have successfully landed on the Moon, Venus, and Mars, and have penetrated the atmosphere of Jupiter. On 2001 February 12, the Near-Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) Shoemaker spacecraft landed on the surface of the asteroid (433) Eros after a year of observations in orbit about the asteroid. NEAR Shoemaker was not designed to land on an asteroid, complicating the design of operations needed...
The Near Infrared Spectrometer (NIS) instrument on the Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) spacecraft performed a comprehensive series of in-flight tests to validate its preflight radiometric characteristics and to characterize instrument stability, pointing, and co-alignment with other instruments under flight conditions. The results of these tests form the basis of the NIS data reduction and calibration...
The multispectral imager on the Near-Earth Asteroid Rendezvous spacecraft has been subjected to a comprehensive series of inflight tests to validate its radiometric characteristics measured onground and to characterize instrument stability, pointing, geometric distortion, coalignment with other instruments, and light-scattering characteristics under flight conditions. The results of these tests, described...
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