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This work investigates path dependence of lithium ion cells that are stored under static and non-static conditions. In the static storage tests, the levels of temperature and state of charge (SOC) are kept constant. The results of 12 tests from a combination of three temperatures and four SOCs show that, as expected, the cell ages faster at higher temperature and higher SOC. However, the cell aging...
In this work, 4-(Trifluoromethyl)-benzonitrile (4-TB) is used as a novel electrolyte additive for LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode of high voltage lithium ion battery. Charge–discharge tests show that the cyclic stability of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 is significantly improved by using 0.5 wt.% 4-TB. With using 4-TB, LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 delivers an initial capacity of 133 mAh g−1 and maintains 121 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles with...
We demonstrate a method to fabricate microscopic topographic patterns over a large area. The idea is based on anisotropic dewetting of a previously rubbed polymer film. Two types of patterns are demonstrated. One contains well aligned parallel micro-grooves with widths and separations of about 1μm. The other contains striped domains of micro-grooves oriented parallel and orthogonal to the stripes...
Single crystal of butyl branched polyethylene with various molecular weight formed from the melt in the presence of electric field was studied. It was found that electric field influenced morphology and structure of the butyl branched polyethylene single crystals formed. The lateral habits of the single crystals were circular shape, which was different from truncated lozenge or lenticular shape single...
Nanostructure and morphology and their development of poly(di-n-hexylsilane) (PDHS) and poly(di-n-butylsilane) (PDBS) during the crystal-mesophase transition are investigated using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), wide angle X-ray diffraction and hot-stage atomic force microscopy. At room temperature, PDHS consists of stacks of lamellae separated by mesophase layers, which can be well accounted...
Metallocene-catalyzed short chain branched polyethylene single crystals, formed from the melt at a higher crystallization temperature of 114 o C, were obtained. Highly elongated lamellae were formed, which are different from truncated lozenge or lenticular shaped single crystals formed at a lower crystallization temperature. It was found that there existed a definite line in the lamellae along...
A liquid crystalline (LC) copolyether has been synthesized from 1-(4-hydroxy-4′-biphenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane with 1,7-dibromoheptane and 1,11-dibromoundecane with a 50/50 (both in %) equal composition of the 7- and 11-methylene monomers [coTPP-7/11(5/5)]. A mono-domain with a homeotropic alignment can be induced by a thin film surface in the LC phase. When an electrostatic field is applied...
A poly(methyloctadecylsilane) oligomer was synthesized by a typical Wurtz coupling reaction. Upon cooling, three transitions were observed at temperatures of 39.9, 37.5 and 33.9°C at a rate of 2.5°C/min in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The first transition, with enthalpy change of 0.47kJ/mol and supercooling of 0.2°C, was characteristic of the conformational change in the Si–Si backbone...
The lateral habits of low molecular weight short chain branched polyethylene single crystals from the melt were studied. Three crystallization temperatures (102, 104 and 106°C) were selected for single crystal growth. It was found that the lateral habits of single crystals were asymmetric at all the crystallization temperatures selected. The electron diffraction patterns and tilting series experiments...
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