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Recently, global warming and climate change has been known as the main driving force of the extreme floods in urban area. Therefore, the flood and traffic problem should be solved simultaneously in the mega cities. The multi-functional tunnel with the road and stormwater bypass is suggested as one of the solutions. A single bored tunnel feasible by TBM machine has the double-deck road tunnel and stormwater...
The hyporheic zone is a region beneath and alongside a stream, river, or lake bed where shallow groundwater and surface water mix. Field and experimental observations, along with modeling studies, indicate that hyporheic exchange occurs mainly in response to pressure gradients driven by the geomorphological features of stream beds. Flow over a pool-riffle sequence creates an irregular pressure gradient...
In this paper, we analyze the throughput of the IEEE 802.15.4 medium access control (MAC) protocol with considering both contention access period (CAP) and contention free period (CFP). We first analyze the CSMA/CA algorithm in the CAP using a Markov chain considering the guaranteed time slot (GTS) request packets for the CFP. And we provide an analytical model of the GTS allocation algorithm in the...
In this paper, we study an electricity load scheduling problem in a residence. Compared with previous works in which only limited classes of appliances are considered, to consider various appliances with different operation and energy consumption characteristics with each other, we classify appliances into four classes and provide mathematical models to describe them. With the developed appliance...
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