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Tetramine (tetramethylammonium ion) is found at high levels (several mg/g) in the salivary gland of buccinid gastropods and has been involved in numerous poisoning incidents after ingestion of those gastropods. A sensitive and selective determination method for tetramine, which is based on a combination of liquid chromatography (LC) and electrospray ionization-single quadrupole mass spectrometry (ESI-MS),...
Echotoxins are 25 kDa proteins with both hemolytic and lethal activities, previously purified from the salivary gland of the marine gastropod Monoplex echo. In this study, a cDNA encoding echotoxin 2 was cloned by RT-PCR, 3′-RACE and 5′-RACE, based on its partial amino acid sequence. The full-length echotoxin 2 cDNA (1000 bp) obtained contains an open reading frame (825 bp) coding for a precursor...
The Er:YAG laser has been effectively applied for periodontal soft-tissue management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of high pulse rate Er:YAG laser in removal of gingival melanin pigmentation. Five patients participated in this study. An Er:YAG laser was irradiated for removal of melanin pigmentation under surgical microscope monitoring. The irradiation was performed...
Three proteinaceous toxins (named echotoxins 1, 2, and 3) with both lethal and hemolytic activities were purified from the salivary gland of the marine gastropod (Monoplex echo) by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 and cation-exchange FPLC on Mono S, although marked reduction in toxicity was observed in the latter chromatography. When subjected to reverse-phase HPLC on TSKgel Phenyl-5PW RP, echotoxin...
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