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Recently, we reported the formation of unidentified strong upper airway irritants in reaction mixtures of terpenes and ozone. The identified products included aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids. Here we report the effects of variation of reaction time, relative humidity and initial ozone concentration on irritant formation in a flow reaction system using R-(+)-limonene and isoprene. Upper airway...
The airway irritation of (+)-α-pinene, ozone, mixtures thereof, and formaldehyde was evaluated by a mouse bioassay, in which sensory irritation, bronchoconstriction, and pulmonary irritation were measured. The effects are distinguished by analysis of the respiratory parameters. Significant sensory irritation (assessed from reduction of mean respiratory rate) was observed by dynamic exposure of the...
The flavonoid glycosides of both varieties of Elmera racemosa were isolated and identified. The compounds were the monoglucosides of kaempferol, quercetin and myricetin, the rutinosides of the same aglycones, and the rhamnosylrutinosides of kaempferol and quercetin. All glycosides were linked at position-3 of the flavonols. The two varieties (var. racemosa and var. puberulenta C. L. Hitchcock) were...
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