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Background
Post‐tuberculosis lung abnormality (PTLA) is the most common risk factor for developing chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). However, the prevalence and incidence of CPA in PTLA patients in India remain unknown.
Objectives
We aimed to ascertain the incidence and prevalence of CPA in subjects with PTLA.
Methods
We identified a cohort of pulmonary tuberculosis who completed anti‐tuberculosis...
Background
Aspergillus fumigatus‐specific IgG estimation is crucial for diagnosing allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). A point‐of‐care LDBio immunochromatographic lateral flow assay (LFA) had 0%–90% sensitivity to detect IgG/IgM antibodies against A. fumigatus.
Objective
To assess the accuracy of LDBio‐LFA in diagnosing ABPA, using the modified ISHAM‐ABPA working group criteria as the...
Background and Objectives
The mechanisms underlying COVID‐19‐associated pulmonary mucormycosis (CAPM) remain unclear. We use a transcriptomic analysis of the innate immune cells to investigate the host immune and metabolic response pathways in patients with CAPM.
Patients and Methods
We enrolled subjects with CAPM (n = 5), pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) without COVID‐19 (n = 5), COVID‐19 (without...
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a lung disorder caused by immune‐mediated reactions mounted against Aspergillus fumigatus. The disorder most commonly complicates the course of patients with asthma and cystic fibrosis. From its first description in 1952, significant advances have been made in understanding the pathogenesis and the diagnosis and treatment of ABPA. In the last two decades,...
Background
The role of nebulized amphotericin B (NAB) in managing pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) is unknown.
Methods
In this open‐label trial, we randomized PM subjects to receive either intravenous liposomal amphotericin B (control arm, 3–5 mg/kg/day) alone or along with nebulized amphotericin B deoxycholate (NAB, 10 mg twice a day, every alternate day). The primary outcomes were: (1) overall response...
Background
Whether chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) has different immunophenotypes remains unknown.
Objective
To identify different CPA immunophenotypes using cluster analysis.
Methods
We used a subject‐centred multivariate clustering approach without prior assumptions to identify CPA phenotypes. We retrospectively included the data of treatment‐naïve subjects with CPA and excluded subjects...
Background
Whether off‐site evaluation of slides by a cytologist viewing the images shared by WhatsApp improves the on‐site evaluation by a pulmonologist (P‐ROSE) remains unknown. This study's objective was to compare the sensitivity of P‐ROSE and WHOSE for adequacy and diagnosis of cytology specimens obtained by endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA).
Materials...
Background
Isolated tracheobronchial mucormycosis (ITBM) is an uncommonly reported entity. Herein, we report a case of ITBM following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and perform a systematic review of the literature.
Case description and systematic review
A 45‐year‐old gentleman with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus presented with cough, streaky haemoptysis, and hoarseness of voice 2 weeks...
Background
Several hypotheses have been proposed for explaining the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)‐associated mucormycosis in India, including the burning of cattle dung cakes, though no study has yet been conducted to support this claim.
Methods
We conducted an aero‐mycological study to evaluate whether Mucorales in the air increased during or after burning cattle dung cakes....
Nanowire Assemblies
In article number 2201968, Harish Bhaskaran and co‐workers develop a universal and deterministic way of assembling single nanowires with a placement precision below 1 micron. They further demonstrate first‐of‐its‐kind devices in the nanowire realm, heralding new opportunities and large‐scale nanowire integration.
With the introduction of techniques to grow highly functional nanowires of exotic materials and demonstrations of their potential in new applications, techniques for depositing nanowires on functional platforms have been an area of active interest. However, difficulties in handling individual nanowires with high accuracy and reliability have so far been a limiting factor in large‐scale integration...
Background
Antifungal stewardship is a less explored component of antimicrobial stewardship programmes, especially in developing countries.
Objective
We aimed to determine antifungal prescription practices in a tertiary centre of a developing country to identify the challenges for antifungal stewardship programmes.
Methods
Four single‐day point prevalent surveys were performed in inpatient units...
Background
The diagnostic accuracy of immunoassays versus immunoprecipitation methods for detecting A.fumigatus‐specific IgG in patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) complicating asthma remains unclear.
Methods
We performed a systematic review to identify studies describing both the methods in the same ABPA subjects. We assessed study quality using the QUADAS‐2 tool. We derived...
Background
The prevalence and outcomes of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in the elderly remain unknown.
Methods
We reviewed our database to identify the proportion of subjects diagnosed with ABPA at ≥60 years of age (ABPA‐elderly). We compared the clinical features, treatment and outcomes of ABPA‐elderly versus the non‐elderly (ABPA diagnosed at <60 years of age).
Results
Between...
Background
Whether dysregulated iron metabolism is associated with COVID‐19‐associated mucormycosis (CAM) remains unknown. Herein, we compare the serum iron indices in COVID‐19 subjects with and without mucormycosis.
Methods
We conducted a case–control study enrolling COVID‐19 participants with and without mucormycosis. We compared the baseline serum iron indices (iron, ferritin, total iron‐binding...
Background
The enormous increase in COVID‐19–associated mucormycosis (CAM) in India lacks an explanation. Zinc supplementation during COVID‐19 management is speculated as a contributor to mucormycosis. We conducted an experimental and clinical study to explore the association of zinc and mucormycosis.
Methods
We inoculated pure isolates of Rhizopus arrhizus obtained from subjects with CAM on dichloran...
Background
Oral itraconazole and voriconazole are currently recommended in the initial management of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). However, only a few studies have compared outcomes with different anti‐fungal agents (AFAs) in treating CPA. Herein, we perform a network meta‐analysis comparing the efficacy of different AFAs in CPA.
Methods
We searched the PubMed and EmBase databases to identify...
Background
There are sparse data on the role of flexible bronchoscopy (FB) in diagnosing invasive mould infections (IMIs).
Objective
To investigate the safety and usefulness of FB in IMI. We evaluate the factors associated with a successful diagnosis of IMI using FB. Further, we compare subjects of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) with pulmonary mucormycosis (PM).
Methods
We retrospectively...
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