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High efficiency Inverted Metamorphic (IMM) and Semiconductor Bonded Technology (SBT) multi-junction solar cells have been under development at Spectrolab for use in space and near space applications. This paper will review the present state-of-the-art of this technology at Spectrolab with an emphasis on performance characterization data at operating conditions that these solar cells will experience...
High efficiency multi-junction solar cells utilizing inverted metamorphic and semiconductor bonding technology are being developed at Spectrolab for use in one-sun space and near-space applications. Recently that effort has been extended to include low-concentration space applications. This paper will review the present state-of-the-art cell technologies at Spectrolab, with an emphasis on performance...
We have used a lift-off technique and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to probe initially buried interfaces of a CdTe solar cell after CdCl2 and contact treatments. We find that the cleavage takes place at or near the CdTe/CdS interface. On both surfaces, Cl is present, most likely due to diffusion through the CdTe layer during the high-temperature CdCl2 activation step. Te is present on both cleavage-exposed...
We have made CdS/CdTe solar cells on polyimides from different sources. These cells were fabricated using sputtered zinc oxide doped with aluminum as the transparent conducting oxide. The CdS and CdTe were also deposited by sputtering. In this paper we report properties of the sputtered AZO and its changes with CdCl2 heat treatments. We have achieved a cell efficiency of 10.5% at air mass 1.5G illumination.
This paper reports recent experimental work on single junction II-VI semiconductor heterostructure solar cells consisting of n-type CdSe and p-type ZnTe grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaSb substrates. The structural and crystalline properties are characterized using high-resolution X-ray diffraction measurements. The current-voltage measurements reveal expected diode-like rectifying characteristics...
We have studied the stability in air of sputtered CdTe/CdS cells with a focus on the thickness of the CdS layer and the substrate used during cell fabrication. The stability of cell efficiencies under light soak is compared for CdTe cells on both HRT-coated Pilkington TEC 15 glass and standard TEC15 glass for a range of seven different CdS layer thicknesses from 0 to 230 nm. Little difference in stability...
High-efficiency multifunction solar cells are attracting a great deal of attention for both space and terrestrial applications. We proposed the monolithic integration of the II/VI (ZnCdMg)(SeTe) and the III/V (InAlGa)(AsSb) material systems for multijunction solar cells. These material systems have direct bandgap, zinc blende, quaternary alloys, lattice-matched to GaSb substrates that cover the entire...
Monolithically integrated high-efficiency multijunction solar cells are highly desirable for both space and terrestrial applications. This paper reports recent experimental work on newly proposed multijunction solar cell designs that utilize lattice-matched II/VI CdZnSeTe and III/V AlGaAsSb materials grown on GaSb substrates. Single ZnTe layers and thin CdZnTe/ZnTe quantum wells have been grown on...
We have used the x-ray fluorescence signal from copper selectively excited with a ∼10 keV photon beam from the Argonne Advanced Photon Source to probe low levels of copper in sputtered CdTe cells. Through a peel-off technique that separates the evaporated Cu/Au back contact from the CdTe, we are able to determine where the Cu resides after cell preparation is finished. With a 3 to 4 nm Cu layer under...
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