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With the increasing demand of users' multi-constellation will be one of the best modes in future satellite navigation system. This basically provides a user the best accuracy in his position, motion and time. For given any positioning information at least four in view satellites are required. In this paper, the main idea is to integrate more satellite system and to achieve higher accuracy by increasing...
This paper presents a smart charge controller (SCC) that can extract maximum power from solar panel and could make instant decision to protect the system. In the same time the designed controller can control high voltage disconnect (HVD)-reconnect, and low voltage disconnect (LVD)-reconnect. An improved maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is achieved through a Peripheral interface controller (PIC)...
Radar and radio cannot pickup the low flying aircraft due to the limitation of radar horizon, which severely poses flight hazards. As such, tracking of the low altitude aircraft in real-time is a dire need. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver can provide position from the satellites. On the other hand, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) network, although works on the principle...
Energy consumption is promptly increasing in most developing countries since they foster their economic growth. Modern technological electrical devices in day to day activities require high consumption of energy. People's requirement for higher living standard and rapid population growth are among the determinants in the growth of energy consumption. For optimal use of facility systems and power sources...
Solar or photovoltaic (PV) system is an alternative clean energy resource that has received much attention in the research and industries. Solar charge controller (CC) is the heart of a solar system. Three common types of charge controller are ON/Off, pulse width modulation (PWM) and maximum power point tracking (MPPT). MPPT is getting very much popularity nowadays for its high capability of power...
World is moving forward and getting brighter future day by day because of the technological advancement. Each creation of innovation has its own particular importance. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is such an innovation which is playing a vital role. The most important components are Global Positioning System (GPS) and Galileo but some other systems are also mentioned like GLONASS, BEIDOU...
Global Positioning System is used by GPS tracking unit to determine the precise location of vehicles, persons or other assets and to record their position at regular intervals. The recorded data can be stored within the tracking unit or it may be transmitted to a data base or internet-connected computer device using a cellular, radio or satellite modem embedded in the unit. This will allow the location...
Low altitude helicopters are difficult to track due to the limitation of radar horizon, which may cause severe flight hazard. Thus, tracking of helicopter in real time is vital. There are various ways to track low flying helicopter, such as aircraft to ground data link, satellite phone etc. But the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) network has not been reported to be utilized yet to transmit...
AHRS is an important system that provides the 3-dimensional orientation (roll, pitch and yaw or heading) of an aircraft from which the flying performance can be evaluated. The avionics of aircraft are very sophisticated and majority of them do not allow any external interface for logging. As such, a standalone external AHRS is needed which should be comprised of low cost devices so that it becomes...
For successful GNSS transmission, determination of precise positioning is very important. For better accuracy, two very important concerns are resolving the ambiguities and then improving the precise point positioning algorithm with proper modification. Ambiguities have to be resolved because wrong integer ambiguity estimation may lead us to a fixed positioning solution which will be worse than their...
This paper presents a hexagonal shaped microstrip patch antenna for S-band application. The antenna is designed using cheap FR-4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. The resonance frequency of the antenna is centred at 3 GHz. The proposed antenna depicts a maximum gain of 2.3 dBi at the centre frequency. The radiation and current distribution pattern of the antenna are also discussed. A compact size...
Accurate positioning of objects is important for navigation applications which gives rise to many interesting and challenging mathematical problems. These problems involve the relationship between positioning accuracy and satellite geometry in accordance to the user's position. Dilution of precision is an indicator of satellite geometry for constellation of satellites used to determine a position...
Economic growth of a country is directly linked to energy growth of the country. Bangladesh despite having the enormous energy resources is facing acute shortage of Electricity. This paper reviews the renewable energy scenario of Bangladesh and extrapolates the future developments keeping in view the consumption, production and supply of power. Most of the power generation in Bangladesh is carried...
Transformer is an indispensable component of power system which performs many functions such as voltage transformation, electrical isolation, noise decoupling and power quality improvement. However, at low frequencies (60/50 Hz), it is a bulky and expensive component. In this paper, the concept of electronic transformers is further extended and explored for its suitability in power systems. Though...
The technique of adaptive modulation adjusts constellation points for Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) depending on channel conditions. Standard modulation schemes are not considered a good candidate for adaptive modulation due to inherent power inefficiency. In this paper, we propose an optimum constellation for transmission of even bits. This technique makes use of triangle quadrature amplitude...
In order to meet the future electricity demand without harming the environment, it is necessary to focus more on renewable energy and unconventional sources for electricity generation. The utilization of waste energy can also be helpful for reducing dependence on conventional sources for electricity generation. In this paper, the electricity generation by utilizing the kinetic energy of moving vehicles...
Dilution of precision is one of the most important parameter to consider for satellite navigation. With the existent full operational US operated GPS system the position can be calculated anywhere in the world. The upcoming European Galileo system is also a strong contender for the efficient calculation of position determination. Comparing both the GPS and Galileo in terms of GDOP and PDOP and also...
Space-based navigation was not only the first method of long-distance navigation but is the most advanced today. It proved superior to any other guidance system as it is all weather, immune to precipitation static and propagates predictably through the atmosphere. GPS (Global Positioning System), GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System), Galileo are the systems that are now harbinger of navigation...
Phased array antennas are generally used for the inherent flexibility to steer the beam electronically and also the need for specialized multi-function radar systems. In the antenna arrays the side lobe level is main problem which causes the wastage of energy. In this paper a different windowing techniques are used to suppress the side-lobes in linear, planar and circular array antennas, by varying...
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