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Reactive astrocytes can be transformed into new neurons. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes the transformation of reactive astrocytes into neurons in ischemic brain. Therefore, in this study, the molecular mechanism of VEGF's effect on ischemia/hypoxia‐induced astrocyte to neuron transformation was investigated in the models of rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and in astrocyte...
Astrocytic calcium signaling plays pivotal roles in the maintenance of neural functions and neurovascular coupling in the brain. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an original biological substance of vessels, regulates the movement of calcium and potassium ions across neuronal membrane. In this study, we investigated whether and how VEGF regulates glutamate‐induced calcium influx in astrocytes...
Reactive astrocytes induced by ischemia can transdifferentiate into mature neurons. This neurogenic potential of astrocytes may have therapeutic value for brain injury. Epigenetic modifications are widely known to involve in developmental and adult neurogenesis. PAX6, a neurogenic fate determinant, contributes to the astrocyte‐to‐neuron conversion. However, it is unclear whether microRNAs (miRs) modulate...
This study examined the effect of neuron-endothelial coupling on the survival of neurons after ischemia and the possible mechanism underlying that effect. Whole-cell patch-clamp experiments were performed on cortical neurons cultured alone or directly cocultured with brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC). Propidium iodide (PI) and NeuN staining were performed to examine neuronal death following...
Astrocytes can be reactivated after cerebral ischemia by expressing nestin and other characteristic markers of neural stem cells (NSCs). However, the epigenetic features of reactive astrocytes are not well known. Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) is a vital transcriptional modulator in brain development. Although the expression and function of some phosphorylated MeCP2 isoforms have been clarified,...
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