Allen H. Hurlbert

article

Overwintering strategy regulates phenological sensitivity and consequences for ecological services in a clade of temperate North American insects

Elise A. Larsen, Michael W. Belitz, Grace J. Di Cecco, Jeffrey Glassberg, more

Functional Ecology > 38 > 5 > 1075 - 1088

Recent reports of insect declines have raised concerns about the potential for concomitant losses to ecosystem processes. However, understanding the causes and consequences of insect declines is challenging, especially given the data deficiencies for most species. Needed are approaches that can help quantify the magnitude and potential causes of declines at levels above species. Here we present...

article

Phylogenetic climatic niche conservatism in sandflies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) and their relatives

Emmanuel R. R. D'Agostino, Rafael Vivero, Luis Romero, Eduar Bejarano, more

Evolution > 76 > 10 > 2361 - 2374

Phylogenetic niche conservatism is a pattern in which closely related species are more similar than distant relatives in their niche‐related traits. Species in the family Psychodidae show notable diversity in climatic niche, and present an opportunity to test for phylogenetic niche conservatism, which is as yet rarely studied in insects. Some species (in the subfamily Phlebotominae) transmit Leishmania...

article

More individuals or specialized niches? Distinguishing support for hypotheses explaining positive species–energy relationships

Grace J. Di Cecco, Sara J. Snell Taylor, Ethan P. White, Allen H. Hurlbert

Journal of Biogeography > 49 > 9 > 1629 - 1639

Aim Positive productivity–richness relationships have been observed across taxa and ecosystems. We assessed support for two hypotheses explaining these relationships, the More Individuals Hypothesis (MIH) and the Niche Specialization Hypothesis (NSH) in two complementary datasets of avian communities in North America, the Breeding Bird Survey (BBS), which has been widely used to study productivity–richness...

article

Anthropogenic drivers of avian community turnover from local to regional scales

Grace J. Di Cecco, Allen H. Hurlbert

Global Change Biology > 28 > 3 > 770 - 781

Anthropogenic change has altered the composition and function of ecological communities across the globe. As a result, there is a need for studies examining observed community compositional change and determining whether and how anthropogenic change drivers may be influencing that turnover. In particular, it is also important to determine to what extent community turnover is idiosyncratic or if turnover...

article

Using temporal occupancy to predict avian species distributions

Sara Snell Taylor, Grace Di Cecco, Allen H. Hurlbert, Xuan Liu

Diversity and Distributions > 27 > 8 > 1477 - 1488

Aim Species distribution models (SDMs) are ubiquitous in ecology to predict species occurrence throughout their range. Typically, SDMs are created using presence‐only or presence–absence data. We hypothesize that the continuous metric of temporal occupancy, the proportion of time a species is observed at a given site, provides more detail about species occurrence than binary presence‐based SDMs....

article

How the effects of latitude on daylight availability may have influenced the evolution of migration and photoperiodism

Keith W. Sockman, Allen H. Hurlbert, Charles Fox

Functional Ecology > 34 > 9 > 1752 - 1766

Date and latitude interact to determine photoperiod, the daily period of daylight. This interaction has important implications for latitudinal migrants for whom daylight may be a resource or for whom photoperiod regulates annual transitions in life‐history stages (i.e. birds). Using an established formula, we developed user‐interactive, animated models that enable the visualization of how latitude...

article

The relative importance of biotic and abiotic determinants of temporal occupancy for avian species in North America

Sara Snell Taylor, James Umbanhowar, Allen H. Hurlbert, Nick Issac

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 29 > 4 > 736 - 747

Aim We examined the relative importance of competitor abundance and environmental variables in determining the species distributions of 175 bird species across North America. Unlike previous studies, which tend to model distributions in terms of presence and absence, we take advantage of a geographically extensive dataset of community time series to model the temporal occupancy of species at sites...

article

Lower elevation animal species do not tend to be better competitors than their higher elevation relatives

Benjamin G. Freeman, Allen H. Hurlbert

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 29 > 1 > 171 - 181

Aim What factors set species' range edges? One general hypothesis, often attributed to Darwin and MacArthur, is that interspecific competition prevents species from inhabiting the warmest portions along geographic gradients (i.e., low latitudes or low elevations). A prediction arising from this Darwin–MacArthur hypothesis is that lower elevation species are better competitors than related higher...

article

BioTIME: A database of biodiversity time series for the Anthropocene

Maria Dornelas, Laura H. Antão, Faye Moyes, Amanda E. Bates, more

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 27 > 7 > 760 - 786

Motivation The BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community‐led open‐source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative...

article

Environmental optimality, not heterogeneity, drives regional and local species richness in lichen epiphytes

Jessica R. Coyle, Allen H. Hurlbert

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 25 > 4 > 406 - 417

AimWe evaluate the scale dependence of species richness–environment relationships with a continent‐wide analysis of lichen epiphyte communities. Specifically, our goals are to assess: (1) the dependence of local richness on regional processes, (2) whether species richness is primarily influenced by heterogeneity in environmental conditions or the central tendency of those conditions, and (3) whether...

article

The role of urban and agricultural areas during avian migration: an assessment of within‐year temporal turnover

Frank A. La Sorte, Morgan W. Tingley, Allen H. Hurlbert

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 23 > 11 > 1225 - 1234

AimMigration is often identified as the most vulnerable period in the annual cycle for birds, and land‐use change is likely to have altered how avian populations are regulated during migration events. However, the consequences of land‐use change for avian diversity are typically assessed based on annual surveys of breeding communities with little consideration given to migration or other phases of...

article

Using trait and phylogenetic diversity to evaluate the generality of the stress‐dominance hypothesis in eastern North American tree communities

Jessica R. Coyle, Fletcher W. Halliday, Bianca E. Lopez, Kyle A. Palmquist, more

Ecography > 37 > 9 > 814 - 826

The stress‐dominance hypothesis (SDH) is a model of community assembly predicting that the relative importance of environmental filtering increases and competition decreases along a gradient of increasing environmental stress. Tests of the SDH at limited spatial scales have thus far demonstrated equivocal support and no prior study has assessed the generality of the SDH at continental scales. We examined...

article

When should species richness be energy limited, and how would we know?

Allen H. Hurlbert, James C. Stegen, Howard Cornell

Ecology Letters > 17 > 4 > 401 - 413

Energetic constraints are fundamental to ecology and evolution, and empirical relationships between species richness and estimates of available energy (i.e. resources) have led some to suggest that richness is energetically constrained. However, the mechanism linking energy with richness is rarely specified and predictions of secondary patterns consistent with energy‐constrained richness are lacking...

article

Stochastic and deterministic drivers of spatial and temporal turnover in breeding bird communities

James C. Stegen, Amy L. Freestone, Thomas O. Crist, Marti J. Anderson, more

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 22 > 2 > 202 - 212

AimA long‐standing challenge in ecology is to identify the suite of factors that lead to turnover in species composition in both space and time. These factors might be stochastic (e.g. sampling and priority effects) or deterministic (e.g. competition and environmental filtering). While numerous studies have examined the relationship between turnover and individual drivers of interest (e.g. primary...

article

Broad‐scale ecological implications of ectothermy and endothermy in changing environments

Lauren B. Buckley, Allen H. Hurlbert, Walter Jetz

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 21 > 9 > 873 - 885

Aim Physiology is emerging as a basis for understanding the distribution and diversity of organisms, and ultimately for predicting their responses to climate change. Here we review how the difference in physiology of terrestrial vertebrate ectotherms (amphibians and reptiles) and endotherms (birds and mammals) is expected to influence broad‐scale ecological patterns. Location Global terrestrial...

article

Multimodality in the individual size distributions of bird communities

Katherine M. Thibault, Ethan P. White, Allen H. Hurlbert, S. K. Morgan Ernest

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 20 > 1 > 145 - 153

Aim Body size often plays a significant role in community assembly through its impacts on the life history and ecological attributes of species. Insight into the importance of size in structuring communities can be gained by examining the distribution of sizes of individuals [i.e. the individual size distribution (ISD) or size spectrum] in a community. ISDs have been studied extensively in aquatic...

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Search results for: Allen H. Hurlbert

Overwintering strategy regulates phenological sensitivity and consequences for ecological services in a clade of temperate North American insects

Phylogenetic climatic niche conservatism in sandflies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) and their relatives

More individuals or specialized niches? Distinguishing support for hypotheses explaining positive species–energy relationships

Anthropogenic drivers of avian community turnover from local to regional scales

Using temporal occupancy to predict avian species distributions

How the effects of latitude on daylight availability may have influenced the evolution of migration and photoperiodism

The relative importance of biotic and abiotic determinants of temporal occupancy for avian species in North America

Lower elevation animal species do not tend to be better competitors than their higher elevation relatives

BioTIME: A database of biodiversity time series for the Anthropocene

Environmental optimality, not heterogeneity, drives regional and local species richness in lichen epiphytes

The role of urban and agricultural areas during avian migration: an assessment of within‐year temporal turnover

Using trait and phylogenetic diversity to evaluate the generality of the stress‐dominance hypothesis in eastern North American tree communities

When should species richness be energy limited, and how would we know?

Stochastic and deterministic drivers of spatial and temporal turnover in breeding bird communities

Broad‐scale ecological implications of ectothermy and endothermy in changing environments

Multimodality in the individual size distributions of bird communities

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